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Active NHTSA advisory: park outside and away from structures until repaired. Check your VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls and see the recall details below.
Chevrolet · Compact Hatchback

2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV

Electric
Small Station Wagons
1 EPA-rated configurations
Data refreshed 2026-10-26
F
Safety Signal
56 / 100 from the NHTSA recall record
Recalls3 critical 4
Complaints11 crash · 5 fire · 5 injured reported 349
Crash ratingnot rated by NHTSA —
EV rangebest configuration, EPA 238 mi
2023202220212020201920182017

The 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV is sold in the U.S. as an electric compact hatchback. Its longest-range version, the Bolt EV, is EPA-rated at 238 miles with 119 MPGe combined efficiency. NHTSA lists 4 recall campaigns for this model year, 3 rated critical, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of F. Owners have filed 349 complaints, most often about the steering.

Chevrolet Bolt — photograph via Wikimedia Commons
Chevrolet Bolt · Photo: Kevauto · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Specs & fuel economy

Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov
ConfigurationPowertrainDriveEngine / motorCityHwyCombRangekWh/100miCharge (240V)Annual fuel*
Bolt EVElectricFWD150 kW ACPM128110119 MPGe238 mi28.39.3 h$650

*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 38187.

Emissions & certification

Source: EPA emission certificates
ConfigurationSmog ratingEmission standardWhere it can be sold newSmartWay
Bolt EV10 / 10Federal Tier 3 Bin 0 / ZEVAll 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standardsSmartWay Elite

Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.

The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.

Specifications filed with NHTSA

Source: NHTSA vPIC

Dimensions Exterior

Body styleHatchback/Liftback/Notchback
Doors4
GVWR classClass 1: 6,000 lb or less (2,722 kg or less)

Engine Basics

Cylinders6
Displacement3.6 L
Engine configurationV-Shaped

Engine Output

Horsepower200 hp

Fuel Economy

FuelGasoline

Seating

Seat rows2
Seating capacity5 seats

Transmission

TransmissionAutomatic

Driver assistance

Standard: Anti-lock brakes, Backup camera, Blind-spot monitoring, Electronic stability control

Optional: Forward collision warning, Lane departure warning, Lane keeping assist

Filed by the manufacturer with NHTSA under the federal vehicle-identification rule and decoded from the VIN pattern — not a manufacturer press kit, so it describes the configurations we could identify rather than every trim (seen: 1SS, LT, Premier). Figures for the trim you are looking at may differ.

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Factory warranty running out?

The 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV is in the years where high-voltage electronics and module repairs land on the owner. What an extended plan does and does not cover is worth reading before a dealer quotes you one.

What to check before you buy →

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Recalls (4)

Source: NHTSA recall database
▲high

Structure

N232421970
6,771 vehicles 88% reported repaired
Problem General Motors, LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2017-2023 Chevrolet Bolt EV vehicles. This recall includes certain vehicles previously repaired incorrectly under NHTSA recall number 22V-930. After a crash with seat belt pretensioner deployment, the pretensioner exhaust may ignite carpet fibers near the B-pillar, causing a fire. Risk A fire increases the risk of injury. Fix Dealers will inspect both front seat belt pretensioners and, if necessary, install metal foil at the carpet near the pretensioner exhaust. Certain vehicles will also need a pretensioner cover installed. Repairs will be performed free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed January 24, 2024. These vehicles were previously recalled for this same issue under recall number 22V-930 and will need to have the new remedy performed. Owners may contact GM EV Concierge at 1-833-EVCHEVY (1-83
NHTSA campaign 23V845000 reported Dec 14, 2023 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
!critical

Structure

N222383790
111,242 vehicles 88% reported repaired
Problem General Motors, LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2017-2023 Chevrolet Bolt EV vehicles. After a crash with seat belt pretensioner deployment, the pretensioner exhaust may ignite carpet fibers near the B-pillar, causing a fire. Risk A vehicle fire can increase the risk of injury. Fix Dealers will install metal foil at the carpet near the pretensioner exhaust, and install a pretensioner cover as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed between January 23, 2023 and April 25, 2023. Owners may contact Chevrolet customer service at 1-800-222-1020. GM's number for this recall is N222383790.
NHTSA campaign 22V930000 reported Dec 15, 2022 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
!critical

Electrical System

N212343880
Park outside 57,414 vehicles 98% reported repaired
Problem General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2017-2019 Chevrolet Bolt EV vehicles previously recalled under NHTSA recall number 20V-701. The high voltage battery could catch fire when charged to full or nearly full capacity. Risk A battery fire increases the risk of injury. Fix Owners are advised to take the following interim steps: Activate either the Hill Top Reserve (2017 and 2018 models) or Target Charge Level (2019 models) feature in their vehicle to limit the charge level to 90%, charge their vehicle more frequently, avoid depleting the battery to 70 miles range remaining, park outside after charging, and do not charge the vehicle indoors overnight. Defective battery modules will be replaced by GM, free of charge. Interim notification letters notifying owners o
NHTSA campaign 21V560000 reported Jul 23, 2021 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
!critical

Electrical System

N202311730
Park outside 50,932 vehicles
Problem General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling all 2017-2018 and certain 2019 Chevrolet Bolt EV vehicles. The high voltage battery could catch fire when charged to full or nearly full capacity. Risk A battery fire increases the risk of injury. Fix This recall has been superseded by recall number 21V-560. Vehicles previously repaired under 20V-701 will still need to have the new remedy under recall 21V-560. GM will notify owners, and as an interim repair, beginning on November 17, 2020, dealers will reprogram the hybrid propulsion control module 2 (HPCM2) to limit the full charge to 90%, free of charge. Owners are advised to activate either the Hill Top Reserve (2017 and 2018 models) or Target Charge Level (2019 models) feature in their
NHTSA campaign 20V701000 reported Nov 13, 2020 General Motors LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →

These are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.

NHTSA defect investigations

Electrical System:Propulsion System — Pedestrian alert sounds closed

NHTSA received a petition on or about July 18, 2022, requesting that Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 141 be applied to all electric and hybrid vehicles operating in the United States. The petition can be reviewed at NHTSA.gov under ODI Number 11486072. FMVSS 141 establishes performance requirements for pedestrian alert sounds for motor vehicles. The standard applies to hybrid and electric vehicles that have a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 KG or less or are defined as low-speed vehicles. The standard became fully applicable to all such vehicles manufactured on or after March 1, 2021. On January 27, 2023, NHTSA opened Defect Petition (DP) 22-005 to evaluate the subject mat

Opened Jan 27, 2023 · closed Aug 7, 2023 · action DP22005 · the investigation’s page →

Electrical System:Propulsion System:Traction Battery — Electric Vehicle Battery Fires closed

In October 2020, the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened a Preliminary Evaluation (PE) on 2017-2020 Model Year (MY) Chevrolet Bolt vehicles based on complaints received alleging that the vehicles caught fire under the seating area while parked and unattended. At the time, ODI had received 2 Vehicle Owner Questionnaires (VOQs) and several field reports. All complaints alleged vehicles caught fire during or after electrical charging. ODI's review found vehicle thermal events occurred during and/or at the end of the battery module charging cycle. The information learned from NHTSA and General Motors joint vehicle inspections prompted General Motors to file Recall 20V-701 on April 29, 2

Opened Oct 9, 2020 · closed Feb 7, 2022 · action PE20016 · the investigation’s page →

Whether any of this applies to one specific Bolt EV

A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2017 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. Chevrolet publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.

Hear about a recall before the letter does

The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.

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Parts & accessories for the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV

Search by fitment on eBay Motors — OEM take-offs, aftermarket, and the trim pieces dealers no longer stock. The listing and the price are the seller's.

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Owner complaints

Source: NHTSA complaint database
349complaints filed

11 involved a crash · 5 a fire · 5 injuries · 0 deaths reported

131 per 10,000 built · Chevrolet reported 26,686 Bolt EV built (its Early Warning production report to NHTSA)

Filed per year: 2017: 19 · 2018: 20 · 2019: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2021: 118 · 2022: 51 · 2023: 35 · 2024: 27 · 2025: 36 · 2026: 18

Most-cited components

Steering 125
Fuel/Propulsion System 70
Unspecified 34
Power Train 27
Service Brakes 22

In depth: electrical problems →

In owners' own words

Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.

I received a "customer satisfaction" call from Chevrolet telling me that my car may experience "loss of propulsion" and stop suddenly without warning due to low charge despite the battery indicator showing charge.
Electrical System at 4,505 miles Apr 9, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11084053
While turning into an angled parking spot in a parking lot, the car accelerated unexpectedly. Before I could engage the brake, the car went over the concrete berm separating rows of parking spaces and hit two parked cars. All three vehicles were damaged (the vehicle I was driving, and the two parked vehicles). Weather was not a factor.
Vehicle Speed Control at 550 miles Apr 2, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11082444
This vehicle has abruptly gone to zero range and entered a reduced power mode even though the battery showed sufficent range seconds earlier. After stopping, getting out and keying up again, the car stayed at zero range and displayed a charge now message. The first incident happened on january 11, 2018.
Fuel/Propulsion System at 14,139 miles Feb 9, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11071886
On a somewhat crowded freeway on ramp, started to accelerate when cars ahead stopped. Fully depressing the brake pedal did not apply maximum braking power. The car slowed but did not stop before colliding with the car in front, despite the fact that there was plenty of room between US for the speed we were going.
Service Brakes at 620 miles Feb 2, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11066740
The seats are horribly shaped and far too narrow in the posterior/buttock/thick area. The ribs along the sides of the seats press into the backs of my legs (I AM 5'8, 160lbs and 35 years old) to the point where I get bruises after driving the car for 5 minutes. They are just designed extremely poorly.
Seats Nov 29, 2017 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11051339
1) sunlight reflects off of the white dash onto the windshield and back into the driver's eyes. Visibility is impaired. The effect extends as far as the side mirrors and this in particular nearly caused me to crash into another car which I did not see due to the temporary opacity of the glass.
Visibility/Wiper at 5,000 miles Aug 20, 2017 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11016404

Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.

Reported by Chevrolet itself: 23 death-or-injury claims on this model year in its quarterly Early Warning reports to NHTSA (49 CFR 579.21): 33 injured, as claimed, not verified — about 86 per 100,000 built. Every Bolt EV model year, by year and system → Dated and by system, they are exhibit F of the defect dossier.

When owners reported it

Reported at 21k

miles, typically

Half the 78 owner reports with an odometer reading on file fall between 5,000 and 41,000 miles. That is when problems get reported, which is not the same as when they start — and not a failure rate, because nobody knows how many of these cars never had a problem at all.

under 10k 26
10k–20k 11
20k–30k 12
30k–40k 8
40k–50k 6
50k–60k 5
60k–70k 5
70k–80k 2
80k–90k 3
90k–100k 0
100k–150k 0
150k + 0

Median mileage by component

ComponentReportsMedian milesVs same age
Electrical System2625,0000.71×
Fuel/Propulsion System1618,0000.49×

Vs same age is this model year’s median for the system divided by the median of every 2017-model-year complaint about the same system, all makes: under 1× means owners of this car reported it at lower mileage. Here, owners reported earlier than same-age vehicles: fuel/propulsion system (0.49×). Which systems go early across the whole fleet: the component study.

Odometer readings as filed by owners with NHTSA. Readings under 100 or over 400,000 miles are dropped as data entry rather than history, and a component needs at least 12 readings before a median is shown for it.

Crash ratings

Source: NHTSA NCAP

NHTSA has not published 5-Star crash ratings for this model year.

Service bulletins & campaigns

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications
Extended coverage on file 1 filing by the manufacturer with NHTSA naming this model year

The term and the vehicles it covers are the manufacturer’s, as NHTSA’s summary of each filing states them; a dealer checks one particular car by its VIN. Every GM warranty extension (33) → · Every warranty extension on file, all makes →

Communicationsfiled with NHTSA 1,056
Most recentmanufacturer date 2026-09-26
Kindsas classified by NHTSA 1051 service bulletins, 3 service campaigns, 1 warranty extension

Most often about: Equipment, Electrical System, Engine, Power Train, Unknown Or Other.

  • PIT5698F Service bulletin
    2026-09-26 · Unknown Or Other
  • This PI provides Diagnostics tips on how the LIN bus works and how to diagnosis it.
  • PIP4902W Service bulletin
    2026-09-04 · Unknown Or Other
  • This preliminary information advises a dealer on how to email GDS2 session logs into Technical Assistance.
  • PIT5099J Service bulletin
    2026-07-21 · Unknown Or Other
  • PI to help diagnose A/C concern
  • PIT3271Q Service bulletin
    2026-04-01 · Unknown Or Other
  • This preliminary information communicates information about how to determine if a wheel and tires size change is available.
  • PIP6104 Service bulletin
    2026-03-09 · Unknown Or Other
  • This Preliminary information communicates the steps on how to save a GDS2 Session Log and upload to a Technical Assistance Case in CX Connect.
  • PIP4902V Service bulletin
    2026-03-09 · Unknown Or Other
  • This preliminary information advises a dealer on how to email GDS2 session logs into Technical Assistance.
  • N252541510 Service campaign
    2026-03-03 · Unknown Or Other
  • Certain vehicles may have been sold with a GM NACS Level 2 EV charging adapter (NACS to J1772) in which a quality issue was identified. Dealers are to provide the customer with the latest design charging adapter.
  • PIP4902U Service bulletin
    2026-01-08 · Unknown Or Other
  • This preliminary information advises a dealer on how to email GDS2 session logs into Technical Assistance.

A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.

Diagnostic trouble codes on file

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications and complaints

Codes documented against this model year in the federal record. A code appearing here does not mean this vehicle will set it — it means the code is part of this nameplate-year's documented history.

CodeWhat it meansMost often filed underWhere it appears
P0BBD
P0BBD on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →11 bulletins
B3055
B3055 on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →10 bulletins
B3060
B3060 on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →10 bulletins
B3935
B3935 on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →10 bulletins
P0300
P0300 on Chevrolet →
Misfire detected, but not isolated to one cylinder.Engine · Ignition coils →7 bulletins
P0308
P0308 on Chevrolet →
Cylinder 8 is misfiring.Engine · Ignition coils →7 bulletins
P050D
P050D on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Engine7 bulletins
P1AE6Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →5 bulletins
B1008
B1008 on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Lane Departure4 bulletins
B101D
B101D on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →3 bulletins
P018B
P018B on Chevrolet →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Fuel/Propulsion System · Fuel pump →3 bulletins
P0ABBManufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →3 bulletins

Generic codes (the second character is 0 or 2) mean the same thing on every vehicle sold in the United States. Manufacturer-specific codes (1 or 3) mean whatever the automaker assigned, and no honest source can define them for you — which is why the ones here carry the evidence instead of a definition. A code is a link when enough separate federal documents name it across the catalogue to be worth a page of its own; the rest are listed here, where the vehicle is the context that makes them mean something.

Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.

At the New York inspection station

Source: New York State DMV

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV failed the safety inspection on 3.5% of first inspections — higher than the 2.1% for every 2017 model-year vehicle inspected.

New York inspections 3.5%

failed the safety inspection

457 initial inspections of 444 vehicles.

MeasureThe 2017 Bolt EVEvery 2017 vehicleBehind it
Failed the safety inspection3.5%2.1%457
Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit0.44%0.25%457
Miles driven a year8,98210,048odometer at inspection
Average odometer83,14093,238odometer at inspection

Electric vehicles get no emissions test in New York, so the safety inspection is the record here. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2017 vehicle” is every 2017 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).

Common questions about the 2017 Bolt EV

Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kits

Does the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV have any recalls?

NHTSA has posted 4 recall campaigns for the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, 3 of them rated critical. The most serious on file is 22V930000, covering Structure. 2 of them were filed with no repair available at the time — NHTSA's file records what the manufacturer had in hand on the filing date, not what exists today. There is an active park outside advisory — act on it before driving. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.

How safe is the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV?

NHTSA has not published a crash-test rating for the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV yet. On the recall record WhichTrim grades it F (56/100), which measures open and severe recalls rather than crash protection.

What is the fuel economy of the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV?

For the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, the longest EPA range is 238 miles on a charge. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.

What do owners complain about on the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV?

Owners have filed 349 complaints with NHTSA about the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, most often about steering, electrical system, fuel/propulsion system. Of those, 11 involved a crash, 5 a fire, 5 reported injuries. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.

How clean is the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV?

The EPA smog rating for the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV is 10 out of 10. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — Federal Tier 3 Bin 0, ZEV — which the table above lists per configuration.

Are there service bulletins for the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV?

The manufacturer has filed 1056 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, most often covering equipment, electrical system, engine. The most recent is dated 2026-09-26. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.

How does the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV do at state inspection?

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV failed the safety inspection on 3.5% of first inspections — higher than the 2.1% for every 2017 model-year vehicle inspected. The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.

What we hold, and what an empty row means

Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.

DataHeldSourceWhat it covers — or what empty means
Fuel economy & configurations1 configurationsEPA certification recordsEvery configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures.
Emission certificates1 configurationsEPA emission certificatesSmog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new.
Recalls4NHTSA recall campaignsA complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags.
Owner complaints349NHTSA complaint databaseAlso complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold.
Crash ratingsnoneNHTSA NCAPNHTSA has not tested this model year. Cars are selected for testing, so untested is not unsafe.
Service bulletins1056NHTSA manufacturer communicationsEverything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall.
Investigations2NHTSA Office of Defects InvestigationOpen and closed defect investigations, with the agency's own narrative.
Driver-assist crash reportsnoneNHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01No report has been filed. Only entities named in the order report, and only crashes they hear of — so this is also what an unequipped car, or a manufacturer without telematics, looks like.
Specifications filed with NHTSA11 fieldsNHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patternsWhat the manufacturer filed under the federal VIN rule — a configuration, not the full trim ladder.
Trims, pricing & equipmentnoneManufacturer press kitWe have not transcribed a press kit for this model year yet. This is our gap, not the manufacturer's — the one row here where an empty cell means we are behind.

Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.

Sources & method

Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.

EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly.

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