2022 Honda Civic
The 2022 Honda Civic is sold in the U.S. as a gas midsize sedan with 11 EPA-rated configurations. The most efficient version, the Civic 4Dr, is EPA-rated at 36 mpg combined. NHTSA lists 4 recall campaigns for this model year, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of C. Owners have filed 961 complaints, most often about the steering. NHTSA crash-tested it at 5 stars overall.
| Trim | Powertrain | Drive | MSRP | HP | Torque | MPG comb | Seats | Cargo (2nd row) | Wheels |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LX | Gas | FWD | — | 158 hp | 138 lb-ft | 35 mpg | 5 | 14.8 cu-ft | 16 in |
| Sport | Gas | FWD | — | 158 hp | 138 lb-ft | 33 mpg | 5 | 14.8 cu-ft | 18 in |
| EX | Gas | FWD | — | 180 hp | 177 lb-ft | 36 mpg | 5 | 14.8 cu-ft | 17 in |
| Touring | Gas | FWD | — | 180 hp | 177 lb-ft | 34 mpg | 5 | 14.4 cu-ft | 18 in |
MSRP excludes destination. Open a trim for the complete spec sheet and standard/optional equipment. Have the car in front of you? Decode its VIN to see which of these trims it is and what it was priced at.
Specs & fuel economy
Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov| Configuration | Powertrain | Drive | Engine / motor | City | Hwy | Comb | Annual fuel* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Civic 4Dr | Gas | FWD | 1.5L 4-cyl turbo | 33 | 42 | 36 | $1,850 |
| Civic 4Dr | Gas | FWD | 2.0L 4-cyl | 31 | 40 | 35 | $1,900 |
| Civic 5Dr | Gas | FWD | 1.5L 4-cyl turbo | 31 | 39 | 35 | $1,900 |
| Civic 4Dr | Gas | FWD | 1.5L 4-cyl turbo | 31 | 38 | 34 | $1,950 |
| Civic 4Dr | Gas | FWD | 2.0L 4-cyl | 30 | 37 | 33 | $2,050 |
| Civic 5Dr | Gas | FWD | 1.5L 4-cyl turbo | 30 | 37 | 33 | $2,050 |
| Civic 5Dr | Gas | FWD | 2.0L 4-cyl | 30 | 38 | 33 | $2,050 |
| Civic 5Dr | Gas | FWD | 2.0L 4-cyl | 29 | 37 | 32 | $2,100 |
| Civic 4Dr | Gas | FWD | 1.5L 4-cyl turbo | 27 | 37 | 31 | $2,650 |
| Civic 5Dr | Gas | FWD | 1.5L 4-cyl turbo | 28 | 37 | 31 | $2,150 |
| Civic 5Dr | Gas | FWD | 2.0L 4-cyl | 26 | 36 | 29 | $2,300 |
*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 44131, 44133, 44545, 44132, 44134, 44546, 44548, 44549, 44846, 44547.
Emissions & certification
Source: EPA emission certificates| Configuration | Smog rating | Emission standard | Where it can be sold new | SmartWay |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Civic 4Dr, Civic 5Dr | 7 / 10 | California LEV-III SULEV30 / Federal Tier 3 Bin 30 | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | SmartWay |
| Civic 4Dr, Civic 5Dr | 6 / 10 | California LEV-III ULEV50 / Federal Tier 3 Bin 50 | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | — |
Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.
The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.
Factory warranty running out?
The 2022 Honda Civic is in the years where transmission, electronics and drivetrain repairs land on the owner. What an extended plan does and does not cover is worth reading before a dealer quotes you one.
What to check before you buy →Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.
Recalls (4)
Source: NHTSA recall databaseSteering
SJS, MJU, QJT, VJVAir Bags
XHP, VHQSteering
YFWThese are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.
NHTSA defect investigations
Steering — Momentary Increased Steering Effort closed
On November 29, 2023, the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this Engineering Analysis (EA23003) to assess allegations of momentary increase in steering effort in model years (MY) 2022-2023 Honda Civic, 2023MY Honda CR-V, and 2023MY Acura Integra vehicles (subject vehicles). The complaints received by ODI alleged that the subject vehicles experienced a momentary increase in required steering effort (described as “sticky steering”) occurring mostly at highway speeds after driving for an extended amount of time; these complaints could not be duplicated during dealer service technicians’ quick test drives. The complaints had been received over the previous two years with most occurring w
Opened Nov 29, 2023 · closed Jan 28, 2025 · action EA23003 · the investigation’s page →
Steering — Momentary Increased Steering Effort closed
On March 17, 2023, The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened Preliminary Evaluation (PE23-005) to access the alleged defect of momentary increase in steering effort in model years (MY) 2022 and 2023 Honda Civic vehicles. The complaints report that the momentary increase in steering effort (described as "sticky steering") occurs mostly at highway speeds after driving for a certain amount of time. The reports have been received over the past 2 years with most occurring with low vehicle mileage. The steering gear contains a unit that includes a worm gear and a worm wheel. Honda stated this condition of momentary increase in steering effort occurs due to two factors within this unit. Duri
Opened Mar 17, 2023 · closed Nov 30, 2023 · action PE23005 · the investigation’s page →
Whether any of this applies to one specific Civic
A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2022 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. Honda publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.
Hear about a recall before the letter does
The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2022 Honda Civic, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.
Parts & accessories for the 2022 Honda Civic
Search by fitment on eBay Motors — OEM take-offs, aftermarket, and the trim pieces dealers no longer stock. The listing and the price are the seller's.
Find parts for this Civic →Owner complaints
Source: NHTSA complaint database35 involved a crash · 3 a fire · 20 injuries · 0 deaths reported
46 per 10,000 built · Honda reported 208,619 Civic built (its Early Warning production report to NHTSA)
Filed per year: 2021: 7 · 2022: 106 · 2023: 439 · 2024: 322 · 2025: 55 · 2026: 32
Most-cited components
In depth: steering problems → · automatic emergency braking problems →
In owners' own words
Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.
The contact owns a 2022 Honda Civic Hatchback. The contact stated while driving 30 MPH, the steering wheel seized and was pulling to the left into another lane, requiring the contact to use excessive force to steer the vehicle back into the intended lane. There was no warning light illuminated.
Steering occasionally becomes extremely difficult at highway speeds, so stiff unable to make quick maneuvers to avoid potential accident
Car has braked multiple times randomly when using ACC when nothing was in front of the vehicle. Emergency braking has activated once randomly and another time for a pedestrian on the sidewalk.
I was commuting to work when my engine experienced catastrophic failure and was stuck on the interstate. Prior to this, the engine was making audible "ticking" sounds which are indicative of rod bearing failure.
Steering wheel airbag did not deploy at impact but knee airbags deployed Airbag in steering wheel did not deploy when impact occurred Vehicle is currently at body collision shop under review and inspection Currently being inspected at body collision No known warning lamp or messages prior to failure of airbag deployment
Adaptive Cruise Control will shut of randomly and for no reason. Must wait for it to re-engage Adaptive Cruise Control or power off/on vehicle. During this time the auto high-beam feature is not useable
Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.
Reported by Honda itself: 118 death-or-injury claims on this model year in its quarterly Early Warning reports to NHTSA (49 CFR 579.21): 3 killed, 131 injured, as claimed, not verified — about 57 per 100,000 built. Every Civic model year, by year and system → Dated and by system, they are exhibit F of the defect dossier.
When owners reported it
miles, typically
Half the 52 owner reports with an odometer reading on file fall between 15,000 and 47,000 miles. That is when problems get reported, which is not the same as when they start — and not a failure rate, because nobody knows how many of these cars never had a problem at all.
Median mileage by component
| Component | Reports | Median miles | Vs same age |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steering | 44 | 27,000 | 1.08× |
Vs same age is this model year’s median for the system divided by the median of every 2022-model-year complaint about the same system, all makes: under 1× means owners of this car reported it at lower mileage. Which systems go early across the whole fleet: the component study.
Across 2018–2022 model years the Honda Civic ranks 44 of 79 nameplates in the odometer-at-first-complaint study: owners reported problems at 1.16× the mileage of vehicles the same age (median 28,000 miles against a fleet 23,512).
Odometer readings as filed by owners with NHTSA. Readings under 100 or over 400,000 miles are dropped as data entry rather than history, and a component needs at least 12 readings before a median is shown for it.
Crash ratings
Source: NHTSA NCAP| Configuration | Overall | Frontal | Side | Rollover | Rollover risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 DR FWD | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | 10% |
| 4 DR FWD | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | 10% |
| 5 HB FWD | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | 10% |
NHTSA New Car Assessment Program. Standard driver-assist: forward collision warning, lane departure warning, automatic emergency braking.
Driver-assist crash reports (1)
Source: NHTSA Standing General Order 2021-011 fatality
Jan 2023 to Jan 2023 · 0 with an air bag deployment · 0 towed
What was engaged, and what was hit
System named: not named in the filings
Crash partner: Heavy Truck 1
Filed by: Honda (American Honda Motor Co.)
| Incident | System | Struck | Injury alleged | State | Speed | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 2023 | Level 2 | Heavy Truck | fatality | TX | — | 62-11747 |
From the manufacturer’s own filing
The reporting entity’s narrative as NHTSA published it, with anything identifying removed and nothing added. A narrative is a notice, written before the entity had verified what happened.
On Wednesday, January [redacted], 2023, at approximately 5:08 a.m., [redacted] was operating his Honda Civic traveling eastbound on [redacted], in rural Alice, Jim Wells County, Texas.[redacted] is a four-lane highway with two (2) lanes running east and two (2) lanes running west that are divided by a grassy median.
A report under the General Order is a notice the manufacturer or operator must file within days of hearing of a crash in which a Level 2 driver-assist or automated-driving system was engaged within 30 seconds of impact. It is filed before anything is verified, and entities with telematics hear of far more crashes than entities that rely on complaints, so counts say as much about the reporting as about the car and are not comparable across makes. Nothing is normalised by fleet size. Every report on file, by make and year → · NHTSA’s page and files
Service bulletins & campaigns
Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications- Term not in NHTSA’s summary · Honda bulletin A26-011Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, and/or misfire.
- Term not in NHTSA’s summary · Honda bulletin A26-010Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, and/or misfire.
- Term not in NHTSA’s summary · Honda bulletin AEBM08262026901Dealer Message - Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, misfire, and/or DTCs P0300 through…
- Term not in NHTSA’s summary · Honda bulletin ONL6A506122023Owner Notification Letter - Due to a new North America regulation that introduced a new refrigerant and oil requirement, the compressor shaft seal may leak.
The term and the vehicles it covers are the manufacturer’s, as NHTSA’s summary of each filing states them; a dealer checks one particular car by its VIN. Every Honda warranty extension (66) → · Every warranty extension on file, all makes →
Most often about: Visibility/Wiper, Electrical System, Engine, Structure, Forward Collision Avoidance.
- A26-011 Service bulletin2026-09-25 · Engine
- Service Bulletin - Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, and/or misfire. In some cases, DTCs P0300 through P0304 may also be stored (DTCs are not required for repair).
- A26-010 Service bulletin2026-09-25 · Engine
- Service Bulletin - Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, and/or misfire. In some cases, DTCs P0300 through P0304 may also be stored (DTCs are not required for repair).
- AEBM08262026901 Other2026-08-26 · Engine
- Dealer Message - Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, misfire, and/or DTCs P0300 through P0304 stored.
- A26-011 Service bulletin2026-08-26 · Engine
- Service Bulletin - Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, misfire and/or DTCs P0300 thru P0304 stored.
- A26-010 Service bulletin2026-08-26 · Engine
- Service Bulletin - Under certain conditions, the cylinder head gasket effectiveness may be reduced which may cause vehicles to experience overheating, coolant loss, misfire and/or DTCs P0300 thru P0304 stored.
- A23-094 Service bulletin2026-04-22 · Structure — Body
- Service Bulletin - There is a dull creaking, rubbing, popping, or clicking noise coming from the front of the vehicle while turning at low speeds potentially due to the bump stop contacting the top of the front damper body.
- ATI&04082026901 Other2026-04-08 · Lane Departure — Assist
- Dealer Message - American Honda Motor Co., Inc. (AHM) is searching for certain 2022-2023 Civic LXs, Sports, EXs, EX-Ls or Tourings equipped with an automatic transmission with a customer complaint of DTCs C1110-13 (Left-Rear Electric Parking Brake Actuator Circuit Open) & C1100-94 (Electric Parking Brake Actuator Malfunction) stored. Customer may also notice intermittent or persistent warning ligh
- ATI&03252026907 Other2026-03-25 · Electrical System
- Dealer Message - American American Honda Motor Co., Inc. (AHM) is searching for certain 2022-2023 Civic LXs, Sports, EXs, EX-Ls or Tourings equipped with an automatic transmission with a customer complaint of DTCs C1110-13 (Left-Rear Electric Parking Brake Actuator Circuit Open) & C1100-94 (Electric Parking Brake Actuator Malfunction) stored. Customer may also notice intermittent or persistent war
A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.
Diagnostic trouble codes on file
Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications and complaintsCodes documented against this model year in the federal record. A code appearing here does not mean this vehicle will set it — it means the code is part of this nameplate-year's documented history.
| Code | What it means | Most often filed under | Where it appears |
|---|---|---|---|
| P0300 P0300 on Honda → | Misfire detected, but not isolated to one cylinder. | Engine · Ignition coils → | 7 bulletins |
| P0304 P0304 on Honda → | Cylinder 4 is misfiring. | Engine · Ignition coils → | 7 bulletins |
| P0087 P0087 on Honda → | Fuel rail pressure is below what the system commanded. | Fuel/Propulsion System · Fuel pump → | 3 bulletins |
| P0420 P0420 on Honda → | The catalytic converter on bank 1 is not cleaning up the exhaust as well as it should. | Engine · Catalytic converter → | 2 bulletins |
Generic codes (the second character is 0 or 2) mean the same thing on every vehicle sold in the United States. Manufacturer-specific codes (1 or 3) mean whatever the automaker assigned, and no honest source can define them for you — which is why the ones here carry the evidence instead of a definition. A code is a link when enough separate federal documents name it across the catalogue to be worth a page of its own; the rest are listed here, where the vehicle is the context that makes them mean something.
Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.
At the New York inspection station
Source: New York State DMVIn New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2022 Honda Civic failed the emissions check on 1.0% of first inspections — lower than the 1.7% for every 2022 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 1.8% (every 2022 vehicle: 1.4%).
failed emissions
6,663 initial inspections of 6,542 vehicles.
| Measure | The 2022 Civic | Every 2022 vehicle | Behind it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Failed the emissions check | 1.0% | 1.7% | 6,651 |
| Failed the safety inspection | 1.8% | 1.4% | 6,663 |
| Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit | 0.48% | 0.18% | 6,663 |
| Miles driven a year | 10,804 | 10,455 | odometer at inspection |
| Average odometer | 46,116 | 44,815 | odometer at inspection |
New York’s emissions test on these model years is an on-board diagnostics check: it fails a car whose check-engine light is on or whose self-tests have not finished. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2022 vehicle” is every 2022 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).
Civic by model year
all years, side by side →Common questions about the 2022 Civic
Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kitsDoes the 2022 Honda Civic have any recalls?
NHTSA has posted 4 recall campaigns for the 2022 Honda Civic. The most serious on file is 26V332000, covering Air Bags. 1 campaign is phased, so the repair reached some model years before others. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.
How safe is the 2022 Honda Civic?
NHTSA gave the 2022 Honda Civic 5 stars overall in its New Car Assessment Program tests — 4-star frontal crash, 5-star side crash, 5-star rollover. WhichTrim also grades it C (75/100) on its recall record, which is a different question from crash protection.
What is the fuel economy of the 2022 Honda Civic?
Across the 11 EPA-rated configurations of the 2022 Honda Civic, the best EPA combined figure is 36 mpg. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.
What do owners complain about on the 2022 Honda Civic?
Owners have filed 961 complaints with NHTSA about the 2022 Honda Civic, most often about steering, forward collision avoidance, lane departure. Of those, 35 involved a crash, 3 a fire, 20 reported injuries. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.
How clean is the 2022 Honda Civic?
The EPA smog rating for the 2022 Honda Civic runs 6 to 7 out of 10 across its configurations. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — California LEV-III SULEV30, California LEV-III ULEV50, Federal Tier 3 Bin 30, Federal Tier 3 Bin 50 — which the table above lists per configuration.
Are there service bulletins for the 2022 Honda Civic?
The manufacturer has filed 130 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2022 Honda Civic, most often covering visibility/wiper, electrical system, engine. The most recent is dated 2026-09-25. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.
How does the 2022 Honda Civic do at state inspection?
In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2022 Honda Civic failed the emissions check on 1.0% of first inspections — lower than the 1.7% for every 2022 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 1.8% (every 2022 vehicle: 1.4%). The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.
What we hold, and what an empty row means
Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.
| Data | Held | Source | What it covers — or what empty means |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel economy & configurations | 11 configurations | EPA certification records | Every configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures. |
| Emission certificates | 11 configurations | EPA emission certificates | Smog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new. |
| Recalls | 4 | NHTSA recall campaigns | A complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags. |
| Owner complaints | 961 | NHTSA complaint database | Also complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold. |
| Crash ratings | 3 tested | NHTSA NCAP | Only the configurations NHTSA chose to crash-test, which is never all of them. |
| Service bulletins | 130 | NHTSA manufacturer communications | Everything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall. |
| Investigations | 2 | NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation | Open and closed defect investigations, with the agency's own narrative. |
| Driver-assist crash reports | 1 | NHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01 | Crashes the manufacturer or operator reported with a Level 2 or automated-driving system engaged. Notices, filed before verification; not comparable across makes. |
| Specifications filed with NHTSA | none | NHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patterns | We had no VIN pattern to decode for this model year, or the manufacturer filed nothing usable. |
| Trims, pricing & equipment | 4 trims | Manufacturer press kit | Transcribed from the manufacturer's own press material, every value carrying the document it came from. |
Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.
Sources & method
Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.
EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly. Trim-level specifications and pricing are transcribed from the manufacturer's official press kit; every value carries its source in the data file.