2018 Volkswagen Atlas
The 2018 Volkswagen Atlas is sold in the U.S. as a gas compact SUV with 3 EPA-rated configurations. The most efficient version, the Atlas, is EPA-rated at 24 mpg combined. NHTSA lists 17 recall campaigns for this model year, 1 rated critical, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of F. Owners have filed 466 complaints, most often about the electrical system. NHTSA crash-tested it at 5 stars overall.

Specs & fuel economy
Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov| Configuration | Powertrain | Drive | Engine / motor | City | Hwy | Comb | Annual fuel* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlas | Gas | FWD | 2.0L 4-cyl turbo | 22 | 26 | 24 | $2,800 |
| Atlas | Gas | FWD | 3.6L 6-cyl | 18 | 25 | 20 | $3,350 |
| Atlas 4motion | Gas | AWD | 3.6L 6-cyl | 17 | 23 | 19 | $3,550 |
*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 39468, 38723, 38729.
Emissions & certification
Source: EPA emission certificates| Configuration | Smog rating | Emission standard | Where it can be sold new | SmartWay |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlas | 3 / 10 | Federal Tier 3 Bin 125 / California LEV-III ULEV125 | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | — |
| Atlas | 5 / 10 | California LEV-III ULEV70 / Federal Tier 3 Bin 70 | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | — |
| Atlas 4motion | 5 / 10 | Federal Tier 3 Bin 70 / California LEV-III ULEV70 | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | — |
Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.
The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.
Specifications filed with NHTSA
Source: NHTSA vPICDimensions Exterior
| Body style | Sport Utility Vehicle [SUV]/Multipurpose Vehicle [MPV] |
| Doors | 4 |
| GVWR class | Class 1D: 5,001 - 6,000 lb (2,268 - 2,722 kg) |
Engine Basics
| Cylinders | 6 |
| Displacement | 3.6 L |
Engine Output
| Horsepower | 276 hp |
Fuel Economy
| Fuel | Gasoline |
Seating
| Seat rows | 3 |
| Seating capacity | 7 seats |
Transmission
| Drivetrain | AWD/All-Wheel Drive |
| Transmission | Automatic |
| Transmission speeds | 8 |
Driver assistance
Standard: Anti-lock brakes, Automatic emergency braking, Backup camera, Electronic stability control, Pedestrian automatic emergency braking
Optional: Adaptive cruise control, Blind-spot monitoring, Forward collision warning, Lane departure warning, Lane keeping assist, Parking assist
Filed by the manufacturer with NHTSA under the federal vehicle-identification rule and decoded from the VIN pattern — not a manufacturer press kit, so it describes the configurations we could identify rather than every trim (seen: 4Motion SE, 4Motion SEL, 4Motion SEL Premium, Launch Model). Figures for the trim you are looking at may differ.
Dimensions & weight
Source: Transport Canada| Length | 198.4 in |
| Width (body, without mirrors) | 78.0 in |
| Height | 68.9 in |
| Wheelbase | 117.3 in |
| Track, front | 67.7 in |
| Track, rear | 67.7 in |
| Curb weight | 4,334–4,502 lb |
| Weight distribution, front/rear | 56/44 to 57/43 |
Measured by Transport Canada for its Canadian Vehicle Specifications database, which covers the North American versions of each model — here 2 configurations: 4-door SUV 4Motion, 4-door SUV FWD. Where a range is shown, those versions differ. Width is the body without mirrors, which is why it can read narrower than a brochure figure. Before we used it we checked it against the US manufacturer press kits we hold (27 Sep 2026): wheelbase agreed within 1% on every vehicle we could compare, length on 98%, and the curb weight fell inside the manufacturer's range on 96%. Source dataset. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada. Licence.
Factory warranty running out?
The 2018 Volkswagen Atlas is in the years where transmission, electronics and drivetrain repairs land on the owner. What an extended plan does and does not cover is worth reading before a dealer quotes you one.
What to check before you buy →Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.
Recalls (17)
Source: NHTSA recall databaseAir Bags
69FBEquipment
09D9Unknown Or Other
01F1Tires
44R1Unknown Or Other
01E9Air Bags
69ALExterior Lighting
94L9Suspension
42J2/42J3Electrical System
90L3 / 90L4Air Bags
87F9Service Brakes, Hydraulic
46H6Seat Belts
69X1Air Bags
69W8 69W9Service Brakes, Hydraulic
47N8, 47N9, 47N6Fuel System, Gasoline
20AWFuel System, Gasoline
20AQThese are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.
NHTSA defect investigations
Forward Collision Avoidance — Inadvertent Automatic Emergency Braking closed
On September 28, 2023, the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened a Preliminary Evaluation (PE23017) to assess reports of inadvertent activation of the Front Assist automatic emergency braking (AEB) system in model year (MY) 2018-2019 Volkswagen Atlas vehicles. The reports alleged that activation of the AEB system occurred while driving with no apparent obstruction in the vehicle's forward path, resulting in sudden vehicle deceleration. Volkswagen indicated that it is aware of a total of 292 reports that may relate to the alleged defect in MY 2018-2019 Volkswagen Atlas vehicles. Volkswagen stated that some customers possibly had an inadequate understanding of Front Assist and its limit
Opened Sep 28, 2023 · closed Dec 18, 2024 · action PE23017 · the investigation’s page →
Fuel System, Gasoline — Fuel Injector Leak closed
On March 29, 2021, the Office of Defects Investigations (ODI) opened PE21-008 to investigate instances of fuel injectors leaking in the engine compartment in model year (MY) 2018 through 2020 Volkswagen Atlas and Atlas Cross Sport SUVs. These vehicles are equipped with either a 3.6 or 2.0 liter engine. The subject investigation concerns vehicles equipped with 3.6L engines. Prior to opening the investigation, ODI also observed that warranty data for the fuel system from TREAD reporting was an outlier for the MY 2018 Atlas. The allegation involved fuel injectors leaking fuel near engine compartment components that operate at high temperatures. Consumers allege a fuel leak, fuel odor, and/or an
Opened Mar 29, 2021 · closed Oct 3, 2022 · action PE21008 · the investigation’s page →
Whether any of this applies to one specific Atlas
A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2018 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. Volkswagen publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.
Hear about a recall before the letter does
The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.
Parts & accessories for the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas
Search by fitment on eBay Motors — OEM take-offs, aftermarket, and the trim pieces dealers no longer stock. The listing and the price are the seller's.
Find parts for this Atlas →Owner complaints
Source: NHTSA complaint database8 involved a crash · 0 a fire · 18 injuries · 0 deaths reported
55 per 10,000 built · Volkswagen reported 83,974 Atlas built (its Early Warning production report to NHTSA)
Filed per year: 2017: 3 · 2018: 74 · 2019: 93 · 2020: 28 · 2021: 34 · 2022: 30 · 2023: 81 · 2024: 65 · 2025: 31 · 2026: 27
Most-cited components
In depth: electrical problems → · engine problems → · airbag problems → · brake problems →
In owners' own words
Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.
Automatic braking system is faulty. When I pull out of driveways or parking lots the sensors are activating and the maneuver braking is applied and the car comes to an abrubt stop in the middle of the road. Everytime this has occured there has not been an object or car present. This system is faulty and dangerous.
The contact owns a 2018 Volkswagen Atlas. Within weeks of owning the vehicle, there was a failure with the strut mounted system. Furthermore, an abnormal rattling noise was heard on both sides of the front end of the vehicle. In addition, the front assist with autonomous emergency braking system engaged several times without warning.
Driving straight on a 2 lane highway with lane assist on, the wheel began to pull towards the center line as another vehicle was approaching from the opposite lane. This happened 2 different times during this particular drive
Connecting rod bearing failure. New vehicle, 17 days since delivery, 704 miles at time of incident driving vehicle at 30mph on surface street EPC light illuminated on dash. This was accompanied by a metal knocking sound that was in time with engine speed. Towed to dealer. Sound was confirmed to be rod knock.
Purchased new 2018 Atlas at herog meier VW dealership in beaverton oregon on 5-19-18. Upon driving home from dealership the airbag error light came on and would not go out. Called dealer once home and immediately drove back to dealer. They said to drive it and come back monday to service department.
The 2nd row does not lock easily. Upon sudden brake, the seat came loose and slammed into the back of the front seat. Nobody was sitting there at the time but if my child was in a child seat, she would have been injured very easily
Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.
Reported by Volkswagen itself: 44 death-or-injury claims on this model year in its quarterly Early Warning reports to NHTSA (49 CFR 579.21): 1 killed, 54 injured, as claimed, not verified — about 52 per 100,000 built. Every Atlas model year, by year and system → Dated and by system, they are exhibit F of the defect dossier.
When owners reported it
miles, typically
Half the 215 owner reports with an odometer reading on file fall between 6,000 and 31,000 miles. That is when problems get reported, which is not the same as when they start — and not a failure rate, because nobody knows how many of these cars never had a problem at all.
Median mileage by component
| Component | Reports | Median miles | Vs same age |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical System | 66 | 19,000 | 0.84× |
| Engine | 46 | 20,000 | 0.4× |
| Service Brakes | 44 | 14,000 | 0.49× |
| Unspecified | 41 | 9,500 | — |
| Air Bags | 17 | 45,000 | 1.88× |
| Steering | 15 | 25,000 | 1.72× |
| Fuel/Propulsion System | 12 | 50,676 | 1.59× |
Vs same age is this model year’s median for the system divided by the median of every 2018-model-year complaint about the same system, all makes: under 1× means owners of this car reported it at lower mileage. Here, owners reported earlier than same-age vehicles: engine (0.4×), service brakes (0.49×); later: air bags (1.88×), steering (1.72×), fuel/propulsion system (1.59×). Which systems go early across the whole fleet: the component study.
Across 2018–2021 model years the Volkswagen Atlas ranks 19 of 79 nameplates in the odometer-at-first-complaint study: owners reported problems at 0.57× the mileage of vehicles the same age (median 14,365 miles against a fleet 23,512).
Odometer readings as filed by owners with NHTSA. Readings under 100 or over 400,000 miles are dropped as data entry rather than history, and a component needs at least 12 readings before a median is shown for it.
Crash ratings
Source: NHTSA NCAP| Configuration | Overall | Frontal | Side | Rollover | Rollover risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SUV AWD | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | 14% |
| SUV FWD | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | 16% |
NHTSA New Car Assessment Program.
Service bulletins & campaigns
Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications- 8.5 years or 85,000 miles, whichever comes first · Volkswagen warranty extension VWP-26-07 FAQFor applicable 2018-2022 Atlas and Atlas Cross Sport 3.6L Settlement Class Vehicles (NA6 warranty key), the New Vehicle Limited Warranty will be extended to cover 80% of the replacement of the Water…
- 8.5 years or 85,000 miles, whichever comes first · Volkswagen warranty extension VWP-25-16For applicable Settlement Class Vehicles, the New Vehicle Limited Warranty will be extended to cover 50% of the repair or replacement of the Turbocharger by an authorized Volkswagen Dealer for 8.5…
- 10 years or 100,000 miles, whichever comes first · Volkswagen warranty extension VWP-25-07 FAQFor applicable 2018-2024 Volkswagen Atlas Settlement Class Vehicles, the New Vehicle Limited Warranty has been extended to cover the repair or replacement of the Second Row Seat Latching Mechanism by…
- Term not in NHTSA’s summary · Volkswagen warranty extension VWP-24-04These documents are for the Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) Limited Warranty Extension as part of the Class Action Settlement
The term and the vehicles it covers are the manufacturer’s, as NHTSA’s summary of each filing states them; a dealer checks one particular car by its VIN. Every Volkswagen warranty extension (9) → · Every warranty extension on file, all makes →
Most often about: Equipment, Engine, Electrical System, Unknown Or Other, Visibility/Wiper.
- V0116152014815_20 Service bulletin2026-09-17 · Engine
- Suggested fuel additive
- SM 39-2026 Other2026-09-09 · Unknown Or Other
- This special notice is to inform dealers to return the parts listed if it meets the criteria provided.
- VOS-26-52 Service bulletin2026-09-04 · Air Bags
- This is a notice for software changes with the ODIS diagnostic program to correct the communication during vehicle programming function: A software fix is needed to correct airbag basic settings programming.
- V4622022067177_5 Service bulletin2026-08-27 · Service Brakes
- Repair or Replace Information
- V4015022033347_8 Service bulletin2026-08-10 · Power Train
- Replacement instruction
- TT 00-13-04_7 Other2026-08-06 · Unknown Or Other
- Permission to change Daily Order upgraded to RED Order
- V0026012081638_2 Service bulletin2026-08-04 · Unknown Or Other
- Differences between a leak and seepage
- VOS-26-42 Service bulletin2026-07-15 · Electrical System
- This is a notice for software changes with the ODIS diagnostic program to correct the communication during vehicle programming function: A software fix is needed to correct the issue: DA 0019 - Hotfix 12-V battery test(s) – No battery diagnosis - Inconclusive test result.
A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.
Diagnostic trouble codes on file
Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications and complaintsCodes documented against this model year in the federal record. A code appearing here does not mean this vehicle will set it — it means the code is part of this nameplate-year's documented history.
| Code | What it means | Most often filed under | Where it appears |
|---|---|---|---|
| P0496 P0496 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Equipment | 25 bulletins |
| U0284 U0284 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Equipment | 16 bulletins |
| P0133 P0133 on Volkswagen → | The upstream bank 1 oxygen sensor is responding too slowly to be trusted. | Equipment · Oxygen sensor → | 14 bulletins |
| P0556 P0556 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Equipment | 11 bulletins |
| P1429 P1429 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Equipment | 11 bulletins |
| P02CC P02CC on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
| P02CE P02CE on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
| P02D0 P02D0 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
| P02D2 P02D2 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
| P02D4 P02D4 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
| P02D6 P02D6 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
| P02D7 P02D7 on Volkswagen → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Engine | 10 bulletins |
Generic codes (the second character is 0 or 2) mean the same thing on every vehicle sold in the United States. Manufacturer-specific codes (1 or 3) mean whatever the automaker assigned, and no honest source can define them for you — which is why the ones here carry the evidence instead of a definition. A code is a link when enough separate federal documents name it across the catalogue to be worth a page of its own; the rest are listed here, where the vehicle is the context that makes them mean something.
Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.
At the New York inspection station
Source: New York State DMVIn New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas failed the emissions check on 1.9% of first inspections — lower than the 3.0% for every 2018 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 1.9% (every 2018 vehicle: 1.9%).
failed emissions
2,529 initial inspections of 2,482 vehicles.
| Measure | The 2018 Atlas | Every 2018 vehicle | Behind it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Failed the emissions check | 1.9% | 3.0% | 2,518 |
| Failed the safety inspection | 1.9% | 1.9% | 2,529 |
| Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit | 0.32% | 0.22% | 2,529 |
| Miles driven a year | 11,985 | 10,002 | odometer at inspection |
| Average odometer | 99,186 | 82,833 | odometer at inspection |
New York’s emissions test on these model years is an on-board diagnostics check: it fails a car whose check-engine light is on or whose self-tests have not finished. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2018 vehicle” is every 2018 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).
Atlas by model year
all years, side by side →Common questions about the 2018 Atlas
Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kitsDoes the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas have any recalls?
NHTSA has posted 17 recall campaigns for the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas, 1 of them rated critical. The most serious on file is 18V369000, covering Service Brakes, Hydraulic. There is an active do not drive advisory — act on it before driving. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.
How safe is the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas?
NHTSA gave the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas 5 stars overall in its New Car Assessment Program tests — 5-star frontal crash, 5-star side crash, 4-star rollover. WhichTrim also grades it F (45/100) on its recall record, which is a different question from crash protection.
What is the fuel economy of the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas?
Across the 3 EPA-rated configurations of the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas, the best EPA combined figure is 24 mpg. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.
What are the dimensions of the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas?
Transport Canada measured it at 198.4 in long, 78.0 in wide (body, without mirrors), 68.9 in tall, on a 117.3 in wheelbase. Curb weight: 4,334–4,502 lb depending on configuration. Those are its measurements of the North American versions; every figure is in the table above.
What do owners complain about on the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas?
Owners have filed 466 complaints with NHTSA about the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas, most often about electrical system, engine, air bags. Of those, 8 involved a crash, 18 reported injuries. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.
How clean is the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas?
The EPA smog rating for the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas runs 3 to 5 out of 10 across its configurations. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — California LEV-III ULEV125, California LEV-III ULEV70, Federal Tier 3 Bin 125, Federal Tier 3 Bin 70 — which the table above lists per configuration.
Are there service bulletins for the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas?
The manufacturer has filed 813 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas, most often covering equipment, engine, electrical system. The most recent is dated 2026-09-17. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.
How does the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas do at state inspection?
In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2018 Volkswagen Atlas failed the emissions check on 1.9% of first inspections — lower than the 3.0% for every 2018 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 1.9% (every 2018 vehicle: 1.9%). The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.
What we hold, and what an empty row means
Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.
| Data | Held | Source | What it covers — or what empty means |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel economy & configurations | 3 configurations | EPA certification records | Every configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures. |
| Emission certificates | 3 configurations | EPA emission certificates | Smog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new. |
| Recalls | 17 | NHTSA recall campaigns | A complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags. |
| Owner complaints | 466 | NHTSA complaint database | Also complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold. |
| Crash ratings | 2 tested | NHTSA NCAP | Only the configurations NHTSA chose to crash-test, which is never all of them. |
| Service bulletins | 813 | NHTSA manufacturer communications | Everything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall. |
| Investigations | 2 | NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation | Open and closed defect investigations, with the agency's own narrative. |
| Driver-assist crash reports | none | NHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01 | No report has been filed. Only entities named in the order report, and only crashes they hear of — so this is also what an unequipped car, or a manufacturer without telematics, looks like. |
| Specifications filed with NHTSA | 12 fields | NHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patterns | What the manufacturer filed under the federal VIN rule — a configuration, not the full trim ladder. |
| Measured dimensions | 7 fields | Transport Canada, Canadian Vehicle Specifications | Length, width, height, wheelbase, track and curb weight, measured on the North American versions. |
| Trims, pricing & equipment | none | Manufacturer press kit | We have not transcribed a press kit for this model year yet. This is our gap, not the manufacturer's — the one row here where an empty cell means we are behind. |
Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.
Sources & method
Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.
EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly.