2016 Jeep Cherokee
The 2016 Jeep Cherokee is sold in the U.S. as a gas large SUV with 10 EPA-rated configurations. The most efficient version, the Cherokee FWD, is EPA-rated at 25 mpg combined. NHTSA lists 9 recall campaigns for this model year, 4 rated critical, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of F. Owners have filed 1412 complaints, most often about the power train. NHTSA crash-tested it at 4 stars overall.
Specs & fuel economy
Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov| Configuration | Powertrain | Drive | Engine / motor | City | Hwy | Comb | Annual fuel* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cherokee FWD | Gas | FWD | 2.4L 4-cyl | 21 | 30 | 25 | $2,700 |
| Cherokee FWD | Gas | FWD | 2.4L 4-cyl | 21 | 30 | 25 | $2,700 |
| Cherokee FWD | Gas | FWD | 3.2L 6-cyl | 21 | 29 | 24 | $2,800 |
| Cherokee 4WD | Gas | AWD | 2.4L 4-cyl | 21 | 28 | 23 | $2,900 |
| Cherokee 4WD | Gas | AWD | 2.4L 4-cyl | 21 | 28 | 23 | $2,900 |
| Cherokee 4WD | Gas | AWD | 3.2L 6-cyl | 20 | 27 | 23 | $2,900 |
| Cherokee 4WD Active Drive II | Gas | 4WD | 2.4L 4-cyl | 21 | 27 | 23 | $2,900 |
| Cherokee 4WD Active Drive II | Gas | 4WD | 3.2L 6-cyl | 19 | 26 | 22 | $3,050 |
| Cherokee Trailhawk 4WD | Gas | 4WD | 2.4L 4-cyl | 19 | 25 | 22 | $3,050 |
| Cherokee Trailhawk 4WD | Gas | 4WD | 3.2L 6-cyl | 19 | 26 | 22 | $3,050 |
*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 36373, 36374, 36603, 36377, 36433, 36607, 36549, 36608, 36550, 36609.
Emissions & certification
Source: EPA emission certificates| Configuration | Smog rating | Emission standard | Where it can be sold new | SmartWay |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cherokee 4WD, Cherokee 4WD Active Drive II, Cherokee FWD, Cherokee Trailhawk 4WD | 6 / 10 | Bin 4 | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | — |
| Cherokee 4WD Active Drive II, Cherokee Trailhawk 4WD | 5–9 / 10 | California LEV-III SULEV30/PZEV / Bin 5 / LEV-II LEV | All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards | — |
Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.
The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.
Specifications filed with NHTSA
Source: NHTSA vPICDimensions Exterior
| Body style | Sport Utility Vehicle [SUV]/Multipurpose Vehicle [MPV] |
| Doors | 4 |
| GVWR class | Class 1D: 5,001 - 6,000 lb (2,268 - 2,722 kg) |
Engine Basics
| Cylinders | 4 |
| Displacement | 2.4 L |
Fuel Economy
| Fuel | Gasoline |
Transmission
| Drivetrain | 4x2 |
Filed by the manufacturer with NHTSA under the federal vehicle-identification rule and decoded from the VIN pattern — not a manufacturer press kit, so it describes the configurations we could identify rather than every trim (seen: Laredo, Latitude/Longitude/North, Limited, Sport). Figures for the trim you are looking at may differ.
Dimensions & weight
Source: Transport Canada| Length | 181.9 in |
| Width (body, without mirrors) | 73.2 in |
| Height | 66.5 in |
| Wheelbase | 106.3 in |
| Track, front | 61.8 in |
| Track, rear | 61.8 in |
| Curb weight | 3,680–3,942 lb |
| Weight distribution, front/rear | 57/43 |
Measured by Transport Canada for its Canadian Vehicle Specifications database, which covers the North American versions of each model — here 2 configurations: 4-door SUV AWD, 4-door SUV FWD. Where a range is shown, those versions differ. Width is the body without mirrors, which is why it can read narrower than a brochure figure. Before we used it we checked it against the US manufacturer press kits we hold (27 Sep 2026): wheelbase agreed within 1% on every vehicle we could compare, length on 98%, and the curb weight fell inside the manufacturer's range on 96%. Source dataset. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada. Licence.
Factory warranty running out?
The 2016 Jeep Cherokee is in the years where transmission, electronics and drivetrain repairs land on the owner. What an extended plan does and does not cover is worth reading before a dealer quotes you one.
What to check before you buy →Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.
Recalls (9)
Source: NHTSA recall databasePower Train
45APower Train
W47Electrical System
U49,U59-U65,U68,U73Equipment
T82Seats
S63Power Train
S38Power Train
S39Electrical System
R67These are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.
NHTSA defect investigations
Parking Brake:Electrical:Control Module — Electronic Parking Brake Water Ingress closed
The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened investigation PE22-009 after having received 80 complaints on model years 2014-2020 Jeep Cherokees alleging the Electronic Parking Brake (EPB) inadvertently activated while the vehicle was in motion. During this investigation, the subject vehicles were updated to include only Model Years (MY) 2014-2016, while MY 2017-2020 were considered peers. Based on related repair invoices, ODI believed the EPB module was damaged by water leaking into the vehicle. When the EPB inadvertently activates, it can cause a stalling condition bringing the vehicle to a stop. ODI was aware of recall 15V-393 that addresses water ingress affecting the power liftgate m
Opened Jul 22, 2022 · closed Oct 29, 2023 · action PE22009 · the investigation’s page →
Air Bags:Frontal:Passenger Side:Inflator Module — Desiccated Air Bag Inflator Rupture open
From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf. Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a subst
Opened Sep 17, 2021 · action EA21002 · the investigation’s page →
Whether any of this applies to one specific Cherokee
A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2016 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. Jeep publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.
Hear about a recall before the letter does
The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2016 Jeep Cherokee, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.
Parts & accessories for the 2016 Jeep Cherokee
Search by fitment on eBay Motors — OEM take-offs, aftermarket, and the trim pieces dealers no longer stock. The listing and the price are the seller's.
Find parts for this Cherokee →Owner complaints
Source: NHTSA complaint database37 involved a crash · 15 a fire · 27 injuries · 0 deaths reported
Filed per year: 2015: 5 · 2016: 61 · 2017: 95 · 2018: 145 · 2019: 271 · 2020: 202 · 2021: 106 · 2022: 94 · 2023: 149 · 2024: 120 · 2025: 108 · 2026: 56
Most-cited components
In depth: transmission and drivetrain problems → · engine problems → · electrical problems →
In owners' own words
Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.
Vehicle had run unattended in enclosed garage. Vehicle consumed all fuel in gas tank (about 14 gallons) resulting in excessive heat build up in garage that items in garage melted. Parts on the vehicle melted. The battery was ruined from excessive heat, the fuel pump, inside the fuel tank, melted. The fuel tank became distorted.
The contact owns a 2016 Jeep Cherokee. While stationary, another vehicle struck the driver side of the contact's vehicle. The air bags did not deploy. A police report was filed. The contact sustained injuries to the head, shoulder, ribs, hand, and arms, which required medical attention. The vehicle was towed to a collision repair center.
The contact owns a 2016 Jeep Cherokee. While driving 45 MPH, the vehicle stalled without warning. The failure recurred intermittently. The vehicle took multiple attempts to restart. The vehicle was taken to the dealer where it was diagnosed that the vehicle needed an oil change. The vehicle was repaired, but the remedy failed.
When driving on a 2 lane highway, I set the cruse control at 58mph. The cruse set was done at the crest of a hill. The car then accelerated to 70mph before backing off to 58mph. This car has never done this on this hill or any other hill. In fact it's always held it's speed very well.
I went to pass a car on a two lane road. When I stepped on the gas the engine revved to a high RPM but would not speed up. The engine light lit and a " service transmission" message came up. It stayed in 4th gear all the way home ( about 45 miles).
Jeep wobble when flat towing. I have not personally experienced this problem, but fca/jeep is aware and issued addendum card - customer satisfaction notification s13 - and accessory kit -part # 68321424aa -. And I ihave been told by Jeep dealer the kit is not in production and customer charge is $201.00 for part + installation.
Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.
Reported by Jeep itself: 162 death-or-injury claims on this model year in its quarterly Early Warning reports to NHTSA (49 CFR 579.21): 3 killed, 196 injured, as claimed, not verified. Every Cherokee model year, by year and system → Dated and by system, they are exhibit F of the defect dossier.
When owners reported it
miles, typically
Half the 857 owner reports with an odometer reading on file fall between 25,000 and 65,000 miles. That is when problems get reported, which is not the same as when they start — and not a failure rate, because nobody knows how many of these cars never had a problem at all.
Median mileage by component
| Component | Reports | Median miles | Vs same age |
|---|---|---|---|
| Power Train | 369 | 49,000 | 0.94× |
| Engine | 218 | 42,000 | 0.68× |
| Unspecified | 180 | 45,000 | — |
| Electrical System | 170 | 45,000 | 1.0× |
| Vehicle Speed Control | 53 | 35,242 | 1.17× |
| Steering | 42 | 50,000 | 1.04× |
| Service Brakes | 38 | 42,503 | 1.06× |
| Fuel/Propulsion System | 27 | 35,000 | 0.74× |
Vs same age is this model year’s median for the system divided by the median of every 2016-model-year complaint about the same system, all makes: under 1× means owners of this car reported it at lower mileage. Which systems go early across the whole fleet: the component study.
Odometer readings as filed by owners with NHTSA. Readings under 100 or over 400,000 miles are dropped as data entry rather than history, and a component needs at least 12 readings before a median is shown for it.
Crash ratings
Source: NHTSA NCAP| Configuration | Overall | Frontal | Side | Rollover | Rollover risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SUV 2WD | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | 17% |
| SUV 4WD | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★☆ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★☆ | 17% |
NHTSA New Car Assessment Program.
Service bulletins & campaigns
Source: NHTSA manufacturer communicationsMost often about: Electrical System, Power Train, Equipment, Engine, Structure.
- 08-292-26 Service bulletin2026-07-23 · Power Train
- Unable To Clear C1494-07 And C14A9-00 After 45A Recall Technicians may experience the following: SYMPTOM: ● wiTECH displays a mismatch error after performing recall 45A.
- S1408000384 REV. J Service bulletin2026-03-04 · Electrical System
- Start Stop Charging Warning Lamp Illuminated On, Intelligent Battery Sensor (IBS) State of Charge (SOC) Inaccurate, Battery Charging Message, Presence of IBS related Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), or Battery Warning Lamp On
- S1408000384 REV. I Service bulletin2026-02-14 · Electrical System
- Start Stop Charging Warning Lamp Illuminated On, Intelligent Battery Sensor (IBS) State of Charge (SOC) Inaccurate, Battery Charging Message, Presence of IBS Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), or Battery Warning Lamp On
- S1721000016 REV. B Service bulletin2025-12-19 · Power Train
- Service 4wd Light On, AWD System Service Required Message Illuminated. Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) C14A7-97 PTU Motor Component Or System Operation Obstructed Or Blocked.
- 31-001-25 REV. B Service bulletin2025-08-16 · Structure — Body
- Aluminum Body Panel Corrosion Repair Aluminum corrosion or bubbling along the leading edge of hood, hinges or other exterior surface areas of the hinges, doors, fenders, swing gates or liftgates.
- 9100653 Service bulletin2025-08-15 · Unknown Or Other
- Verify Reman part number availability. Order the "R" part number for all orders: Warranty, Mopar, customer pay and service contract. Order "68" part number for New unsold units only.
- 9100645 Service bulletin2025-08-15 · Unknown Or Other
- Verify Reman part number availability. Order the "R" part number for all orders: Warranty, Mopar, customer pay and service contract. Order "68" part number for New unsold units only.
- 31-001-25 REV. A Service bulletin2025-08-14 · Structure — Body
- Aluminum Body Panel Corrosion Repair Aluminum corrosion or bubbling along the leading edge of hood, hinges or other exterior surface areas of the hinges, doors, fenders, swing gates or liftgates.
A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.
Diagnostic trouble codes on file
Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications and complaintsCodes documented against this model year in the federal record. A code appearing here does not mean this vehicle will set it — it means the code is part of this nameplate-year's documented history.
| Code | What it means | Most often filed under | Where it appears |
|---|---|---|---|
| U0402 U0402 on Jeep → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Power Train | 9 bulletins |
| B10EA | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Electrical System · Battery → | 7 bulletins · 1 owner report |
| P0887 | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Power Train | 8 owner reports |
| P061B P061B on Jeep → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Power Train | 7 bulletins |
| U11E9 U11E9 on Jeep → | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Structure | 7 bulletins |
| U1424 | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Electrical System · Battery → | 6 bulletins |
| B10E9 | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Electrical System · Battery → | 4 bulletins · 1 owner report |
| P2097 | After the catalyst, the mixture on bank 1 is reading rich. | Electrical System · Battery → | 5 bulletins |
| P2099 | Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard. | Electrical System · Battery → | 5 bulletins |
| P0300 P0300 on Jeep → | Misfire detected, but not isolated to one cylinder. | Equipment · Ignition coils → | 3 bulletins · 1 owner report |
| P0303 P0303 on Jeep → | Cylinder 3 is misfiring. | Equipment · Ignition coils → | 3 bulletins · 1 owner report |
| P0133 P0133 on Jeep → | The upstream bank 1 oxygen sensor is responding too slowly to be trusted. | Engine · Oxygen sensor → | 3 bulletins |
Generic codes (the second character is 0 or 2) mean the same thing on every vehicle sold in the United States. Manufacturer-specific codes (1 or 3) mean whatever the automaker assigned, and no honest source can define them for you — which is why the ones here carry the evidence instead of a definition. A code is a link when enough separate federal documents name it across the catalogue to be worth a page of its own; the rest are listed here, where the vehicle is the context that makes them mean something.
Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.
At the New York inspection station
Source: New York State DMVIn New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2016 Jeep Cherokee failed the emissions check on 4.8% of first inspections — close to the 4.2% for every 2016 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 2.5% (every 2016 vehicle: 2.2%).
failed emissions
7,470 initial inspections of 7,296 vehicles.
| Measure | The 2016 Cherokee | Every 2016 vehicle | Behind it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Failed the emissions check | 4.8% | 4.2% | 7,455 |
| Failed the safety inspection | 2.5% | 2.2% | 7,470 |
| Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit | 0.23% | 0.27% | 7,470 |
| Miles driven a year | 10,358 | 10,028 | odometer at inspection |
| Average odometer | 106,490 | 103,109 | odometer at inspection |
New York’s emissions test on these model years is an on-board diagnostics check: it fails a car whose check-engine light is on or whose self-tests have not finished. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2016 vehicle” is every 2016 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).
Cherokee by model year
all years, side by side →Common questions about the 2016 Cherokee
Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kitsDoes the 2016 Jeep Cherokee have any recalls?
NHTSA has posted 9 recall campaigns for the 2016 Jeep Cherokee, 4 of them rated critical. The most serious on file is 23V338000, covering Electrical System. There is an active park outside advisory — act on it before driving. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.
How safe is the 2016 Jeep Cherokee?
NHTSA gave the 2016 Jeep Cherokee 4 stars overall in its New Car Assessment Program tests — 4-star frontal crash, 5-star side crash, 4-star rollover. WhichTrim also grades it F (37/100) on its recall record, which is a different question from crash protection.
What is the fuel economy of the 2016 Jeep Cherokee?
Across the 10 EPA-rated configurations of the 2016 Jeep Cherokee, the best EPA combined figure is 25 mpg. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.
What are the dimensions of the 2016 Jeep Cherokee?
Transport Canada measured it at 181.9 in long, 73.2 in wide (body, without mirrors), 66.5 in tall, on a 106.3 in wheelbase. Curb weight: 3,680–3,942 lb depending on configuration. Those are its measurements of the North American versions; every figure is in the table above.
What do owners complain about on the 2016 Jeep Cherokee?
Owners have filed 1412 complaints with NHTSA about the 2016 Jeep Cherokee, most often about power train, engine, unspecified. Of those, 37 involved a crash, 15 a fire, 27 reported injuries. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.
How clean is the 2016 Jeep Cherokee?
The EPA smog rating for the 2016 Jeep Cherokee runs 5 to 9 out of 10 across its configurations. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — Bin 4, Bin 5, California LEV-III SULEV30/PZEV, LEV-II LEV — which the table above lists per configuration.
Are there service bulletins for the 2016 Jeep Cherokee?
The manufacturer has filed 450 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2016 Jeep Cherokee, most often covering electrical system, power train, equipment. The most recent is dated 2026-07-23. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.
How does the 2016 Jeep Cherokee do at state inspection?
In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2016 Jeep Cherokee failed the emissions check on 4.8% of first inspections — close to the 4.2% for every 2016 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 2.5% (every 2016 vehicle: 2.2%). The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.
What we hold, and what an empty row means
Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.
| Data | Held | Source | What it covers — or what empty means |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel economy & configurations | 10 configurations | EPA certification records | Every configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures. |
| Emission certificates | 10 configurations | EPA emission certificates | Smog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new. |
| Recalls | 9 | NHTSA recall campaigns | A complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags. |
| Owner complaints | 1412 | NHTSA complaint database | Also complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold. |
| Crash ratings | 2 tested | NHTSA NCAP | Only the configurations NHTSA chose to crash-test, which is never all of them. |
| Service bulletins | 450 | NHTSA manufacturer communications | Everything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall. |
| Investigations | 2 | NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation | Open and closed defect investigations, with the agency's own narrative. |
| Driver-assist crash reports | none | NHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01 | No report has been filed. Only entities named in the order report, and only crashes they hear of — so this is also what an unequipped car, or a manufacturer without telematics, looks like. |
| Specifications filed with NHTSA | 7 fields | NHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patterns | What the manufacturer filed under the federal VIN rule — a configuration, not the full trim ladder. |
| Measured dimensions | 7 fields | Transport Canada, Canadian Vehicle Specifications | Length, width, height, wheelbase, track and curb weight, measured on the North American versions. |
| Trims, pricing & equipment | none | Manufacturer press kit | We have not transcribed a press kit for this model year yet. This is our gap, not the manufacturer's — the one row here where an empty cell means we are behind. |
Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.
Sources & method
Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.
EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly.