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2022 GMC Terrain

Gas
Small Sport Utility Vehicle 2WD
2 EPA-rated configurations
Data refreshed 2026-10-26
C
Safety Signal
75 / 100 from the NHTSA recall record
RecallsNHTSA campaigns 4
Complaintsnone reporting a crash, fire or injury 88
Crash ratingNHTSA overall 5★
Fuel economybest combined, EPA 27 mpg
202720262025202420232022202120202019201820172016

The 2022 GMC Terrain is sold in the U.S. as a gas compact SUV with 2 EPA-rated configurations. The most efficient version, the Terrain FWD, is EPA-rated at 27 mpg combined. NHTSA lists 4 recall campaigns for this model year, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of C. Owners have filed 88 complaints, most often about the fuel/propulsion system. NHTSA crash-tested it at 5 stars overall.

GMC Terrain — photograph via Wikimedia Commons
GMC Terrain · Photo: Kevauto · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Specs & fuel economy

Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov
ConfigurationPowertrainDriveEngine / motorCityHwyCombAnnual fuel*
Terrain FWDGasFWD1.5L 4-cyl turbo253027$2,500
Terrain AWDGasAWD1.5L 4-cyl turbo252826$2,600

*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 43986, 43990.

Emissions & certification

Source: EPA emission certificates
ConfigurationSmog ratingEmission standardWhere it can be sold newSmartWay
Terrain AWD, Terrain FWD7 / 10California LEV-III SULEV30 / Federal Tier 3 Bin 30All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards—

Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.

The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.

Specifications filed with NHTSA

Source: NHTSA vPIC

Dimensions Exterior

Body styleSport Utility Vehicle [SUV]/Multipurpose Vehicle [MPV]
Doors4
GVWR classClass 1C: 4,001 - 5,000 lb (1,814 - 2,268 kg)

Engine Basics

Cylinders4
Displacement1.5 L
Engine configurationIn-Line

Fuel Economy

FuelGasoline

Transmission

DrivetrainFWD/Front-Wheel Drive

Driver assistance

Standard: Anti-lock brakes, Backup camera, Blind-spot monitoring, Electronic stability control, Forward collision warning, Lane departure warning, Lane keeping assist, Parking assist, Rear cross-traffic alert

Optional: Adaptive cruise control

Filed by the manufacturer with NHTSA under the federal vehicle-identification rule and decoded from the VIN pattern — not a manufacturer press kit, so it describes the configurations we could identify rather than every trim (seen: AT4, Denali, SLE, SLT). Figures for the trim you are looking at may differ.

Dimensions & weight

Source: Transport Canada
Length183.1 in
Width (body, without mirrors)72.4 in
Height65.4 in
Wheelbase107.5 in
Track, front62.2 in
Track, rear62.2 in
Curb weight3,448–3,801 lb
Weight distribution, front/rear57/43 to 58/42

Measured by Transport Canada for its Canadian Vehicle Specifications database, which covers the North American versions of each model — here 3 configurations: 4-door SUV AWD, 4-door SUV AWD Denali, 4-door SUV FWD. Where a range is shown, those versions differ. Width is the body without mirrors, which is why it can read narrower than a brochure figure. Before we used it we checked it against the US manufacturer press kits we hold (27 Sep 2026): wheelbase agreed within 1% on every vehicle we could compare, length on 98%, and the curb weight fell inside the manufacturer's range on 96%. Source dataset. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada. Licence.

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Factory warranty running out?

The 2022 GMC Terrain is in the years where transmission, electronics and drivetrain repairs land on the owner. What an extended plan does and does not cover is worth reading before a dealer quotes you one.

What to check before you buy →

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Recalls (4)

Source: NHTSA recall database
▲high

Child Seat

N232403240
668,187 vehicles 84% reported repaired
Problem General Motors, LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2020-2023 Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Terrain vehicles. The four rear-seat lower child seat LATCH anchorage bars may have excessive powder coating, which could prevent a child seat from being installed with the anchorage bars. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 225, "Child Restraint Anchorage Systems." Risk The inability to install a child seat with the LATCH anchorage bars could result in an unsecured child seat, increasing the risk of injury in a crash. Fix Owners are advised to install child seats using the vehicle's rear seat belts until the remedy is complete. Dealers will inspect the latch anchorage bars, and remove and replace the finish, as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 2, 2023. Owners may contact Chevrolet customer service at 1-800-222-1020 or GMC customer service at 1-800-462-8782. GM's number for this recall is N232403240.
NHTSA campaign 23V339000 reported May 11, 2023 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Fuel System, Gasoline

N222372310
23,323 vehicles 92% reported repaired
Problem General Motors, LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Chevrolet Equinox and 2022 GMC Terrain vehicles. The fuel pump module may not consistently provide sufficient fuel to the engine, resulting in an engine stall. Risk An engine stall increases the risk of a crash. Fix Dealers will replace the fuel pump module, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 5, 2023. Owners may contact Chevrolet customer service at 1-800-222-1020 or GMC customer service at 1-800-462-8782. GM's number for this recall is N222372310.
Filed with NHTSAOwner letter PDF
NHTSA campaign 23V013000 reported Jan 19, 2023 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Seats

N222377890
6,895 vehicles 96% reported repaired
Problem General Motors, LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2022-2023 Chevrolet Equinox and 2022 GMC Terrain vehicles. The driver's seat may have a stripped or loose bolt at the seat frame height-adjust pivot. Risk A seat with a missing or loose bolt may not properly restrain the occupant in a crash, increasing the risk of injury. Fix Dealers will inspect the driver's seat and replace the seat cushion frame, if necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed on November 4, 2022. Owners may contact Chevrolet customer service at 1-800-222-1020 or GMC customer service at 1-800-462-8782. GMC's number for this recall is N222377890.
Filed with NHTSAOwner letter PDF
NHTSA campaign 22V724000 reported Sep 29, 2022 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Tires

N212343560
9,597 vehicles 97% reported repaired
Problem General Motors, LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2021-2022 Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Terrain vehicles equipped with certain Hankook tires. The tires may have been manufactured with an insufficient amount of curative agent, which could cause tread separation. Risk Tread separation can result in a loss of vehicle control, increasing the risk of a crash. Fix Dealers will inspect the tire DOT numbers, and replace any affected tires, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed on August 31, 2021. Owners may contact GMC customer service at 1-800-462-8782; and Chevrolet customer service at 1-800-222-1020. GM's number for this recall is N212343560.
NHTSA campaign 21V612000 reported Aug 5, 2021 General Motors, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →

These are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.

Whether any of this applies to one specific Terrain

A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2022 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. GMC publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.

Hear about a recall before the letter does

The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2022 GMC Terrain, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.

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Parts & accessories for the 2022 GMC Terrain

Search by fitment on eBay Motors — OEM take-offs, aftermarket, and the trim pieces dealers no longer stock. The listing and the price are the seller's.

Find parts for this Terrain →

Owner complaints

Source: NHTSA complaint database
88complaints filed

0 involved a crash · 0 a fire · 0 injuries · 0 deaths reported

10 per 10,000 built · GMC reported 84,796 Terrain built (its Early Warning production report to NHTSA)

Filed per year: 2022: 4 · 2023: 17 · 2024: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2026: 25

Most-cited components

Fuel/Propulsion System 48
Engine 15
Unspecified 14
Power Train 11
Electrical System 10
Steering 3

In owners' own words

Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.

I have this 2022 Gmc Terrain with 19,000. Miles on it. It is out of warranty by 2 months and not years or miles. On 6-23-23 the vehicle was brought to napelton Gmc for a recalled fuel pump flow module. It was fixed and the recall was closed. How ever now 9-2-2025 with 19,000 miles I AM expericing the same issue again.
Fuel/Propulsion System Sep 20, 2025 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11688594
The contact owns a 2022 GMC Terrain. The contact stated while driving approximately 25 MPH, the vehicle stalled, and the contact was unable to pull over to the side of the road.
Engine at 18,200 miles Sep 22, 2025 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11688829
The contact owns a 2022 GMC Terrain. The contact stated that while operating the vehicle, the service message was displayed, and the audible turn signal became inoperable, along with the collision warning and the On-Star feature. The cause of the failure was not yet determined.
Electrical System at 22,000 miles Apr 21, 2025 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11655739
The contact owns a 2022 GMC Terrain. The contact stated that while the vehicle was idling, there was while smoke coming from the exhaust pipe. The vehicle was taken to the dealer and was diagnosed with oil intrusion into the pistons, causing transmission failure. The contact was informed that the transmission needed to be replaced.
Power Train at 18,686 miles Mar 27, 2025 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11651184
I was driving down a paved road and my side airbags deployed. The gm investigation showed my car left the road way, however I am uncertain of that. There was no crash or impact or damage to the vehicle from this incident other than the airbags deploying. There is a scrape on the passenger side due to an incident in April.
Air Bags Aug 18, 2025 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11681255
I was driving the vehicle, approaching an intersection and making a right turn. As I turned the steering wheel, it locked. I kept trying to turn the steering wheel and it finally did. A Service ESC error appeared on the dashboard. The T/C light came on as well. I drove it home. The error was gone the next time I started the vehicle.
Steering Feb 8, 2024 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11570916

Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.

Reported by GMC itself: 11 death-or-injury claims on this model year in its quarterly Early Warning reports to NHTSA (49 CFR 579.21): 14 injured, as claimed, not verified — about 13 per 100,000 built. Every Terrain model year, by year and system → Dated and by system, they are exhibit F of the defect dossier.

When owners reported it

Reported at 20k

miles, typically

Half the 22 owner reports with an odometer reading on file fall between 7,000 and 51,000 miles. That is when problems get reported, which is not the same as when they start — and not a failure rate, because nobody knows how many of these cars never had a problem at all.

Too few readings for a curve — the 22 on file: 6 under 10k, 4 10k–20k, 3 20k–30k, 2 40k–50k, 2 50k–60k, 3 60k–70k, 1 70k–80k, 1 100k–150k.

Median mileage by component

ComponentReportsMedian milesVs same age
Fuel/Propulsion System1449,0001.43×

Vs same age is this model year’s median for the system divided by the median of every 2022-model-year complaint about the same system, all makes: under 1× means owners of this car reported it at lower mileage. Which systems go early across the whole fleet: the component study.

Odometer readings as filed by owners with NHTSA. Readings under 100 or over 400,000 miles are dropped as data entry rather than history, and a component needs at least 12 readings before a median is shown for it.

Crash ratings

Source: NHTSA NCAP
ConfigurationOverallFrontalSideRolloverRollover risk
SUV AWD★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★☆16%
SUV FWD★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★☆18%

NHTSA New Car Assessment Program. Standard driver-assist: forward collision warning, lane departure warning, automatic emergency braking.

Service bulletins & campaigns

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications
Extended coverage on file 1 filing by the manufacturer with NHTSA naming this model year

The term and the vehicles it covers are the manufacturer’s, as NHTSA’s summary of each filing states them; a dealer checks one particular car by its VIN. Every GM warranty extension (33) → · Every warranty extension on file, all makes →

Communicationsfiled with NHTSA 987
Most recentmanufacturer date 2026-10-16
Kindsas classified by NHTSA 972 service bulletins, 7 emissionss, 3 service campaigns

Most often about: Equipment, Electrical System, Engine, Unknown Or Other, Power Train.

  • PIC6626B Service bulletin
    2026-10-16 · Unknown Or Other
  • PI created to guide technicians through radio restriction process
  • PIT5698F Service bulletin
    2026-09-26 · Unknown Or Other
  • This PI provides Diagnostics tips on how the LIN bus works and how to diagnosis it.
  • PIP4902W Service bulletin
    2026-09-04 · Unknown Or Other
  • This preliminary information advises a dealer on how to email GDS2 session logs into Technical Assistance.
  • PIC6551C Service bulletin
    2026-08-20 · Unknown Or Other
  • This Preliminary information communicates to dealer to perform a MEC reset for wireless projection issues
  • PIT5099J Service bulletin
    2026-07-21 · Unknown Or Other
  • PI to help diagnose A/C concern
  • PIT5966F Service bulletin
    2026-06-23 · Unknown Or Other
  • This Preliminary information communicates an issue with an OTA pending message still displayed after an OTA event and how to reset/clear the message.
  • PIT6519 Service bulletin
    2026-05-27 · Unknown Or Other
  • This preliminary information is to inform technicians and customers that the voice command will be inoperative when trying to open applications. Engineering is investigating and this PI will be converted to a bulletin when a repair is available.
  • PIC6551B Service bulletin
    2026-05-11 · Unknown Or Other
  • This Preliminary information communicates to dealer to perform a MEC reset for wireless projection issues

A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.

Diagnostic trouble codes on file

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications and complaints

Codes documented against this model year in the federal record. A code appearing here does not mean this vehicle will set it — it means the code is part of this nameplate-year's documented history.

CodeWhat it meansMost often filed underWhere it appears
P0299
P0299 on GMC →
The turbocharger or supercharger is not making the boost the computer asked for.Engine26 bulletins · 1 owner report
P0300
P0300 on GMC →
Misfire detected, but not isolated to one cylinder.Engine · Ignition coils →27 bulletins
P129F
P129F on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →11 bulletins · 8 owner reports
P2227
P2227 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Structure18 bulletins
B3925
B3925 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →9 bulletins
B3926
B3926 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →9 bulletins
B3927
B3927 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →9 bulletins
P0513
P0513 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →8 bulletins
U0155
U0155 on GMC →
A module has stopped hearing from the instrument cluster.Electrical System · Battery →8 bulletins
P023F
P023F on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Electrical System · Battery →7 bulletins
P1101
P1101 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Engine7 bulletins
B3924
B3924 on GMC →
Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.Equipment6 bulletins

Generic codes (the second character is 0 or 2) mean the same thing on every vehicle sold in the United States. Manufacturer-specific codes (1 or 3) mean whatever the automaker assigned, and no honest source can define them for you — which is why the ones here carry the evidence instead of a definition. A code is a link when enough separate federal documents name it across the catalogue to be worth a page of its own; the rest are listed here, where the vehicle is the context that makes them mean something.

Affiliate disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. If you request a quote or buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Nothing on this page changes because of it.

At the New York inspection station

Source: New York State DMV

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2022 GMC Terrain failed the emissions check on 1.0% of first inspections — lower than the 1.7% for every 2022 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 1.4% (every 2022 vehicle: 1.4%).

New York inspections 1.0%

failed emissions

4,002 initial inspections of 3,944 vehicles.

MeasureThe 2022 TerrainEvery 2022 vehicleBehind it
Failed the emissions check1.0%1.7%3,991
Failed the safety inspection1.4%1.4%4,002
Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit0.10%0.18%4,002
Miles driven a year10,66110,455odometer at inspection
Average odometer45,94744,815odometer at inspection

New York’s emissions test on these model years is an on-board diagnostics check: it fails a car whose check-engine light is on or whose self-tests have not finished. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2022 vehicle” is every 2022 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).

Common questions about the 2022 Terrain

Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kits

Does the 2022 GMC Terrain have any recalls?

NHTSA has posted 4 recall campaigns for the 2022 GMC Terrain. The most serious on file is 23V339000, covering Child Seat. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.

How safe is the 2022 GMC Terrain?

NHTSA gave the 2022 GMC Terrain 5 stars overall in its New Car Assessment Program tests — 5-star frontal crash, 5-star side crash, 4-star rollover. WhichTrim also grades it C (75/100) on its recall record, which is a different question from crash protection.

What is the fuel economy of the 2022 GMC Terrain?

Across the 2 EPA-rated configurations of the 2022 GMC Terrain, the best EPA combined figure is 27 mpg. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.

What are the dimensions of the 2022 GMC Terrain?

Transport Canada measured it at 183.1 in long, 72.4 in wide (body, without mirrors), 65.4 in tall, on a 107.5 in wheelbase. Curb weight: 3,448–3,801 lb depending on configuration. Those are its measurements of the North American versions; every figure is in the table above.

What do owners complain about on the 2022 GMC Terrain?

Owners have filed 88 complaints with NHTSA about the 2022 GMC Terrain, most often about fuel/propulsion system, engine, unspecified. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.

How clean is the 2022 GMC Terrain?

The EPA smog rating for the 2022 GMC Terrain is 7 out of 10. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — California LEV-III SULEV30, Federal Tier 3 Bin 30 — which the table above lists per configuration.

Are there service bulletins for the 2022 GMC Terrain?

The manufacturer has filed 987 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2022 GMC Terrain, most often covering equipment, electrical system, engine. The most recent is dated 2026-10-16. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.

How does the 2022 GMC Terrain do at state inspection?

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2022 GMC Terrain failed the emissions check on 1.0% of first inspections — lower than the 1.7% for every 2022 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 1.4% (every 2022 vehicle: 1.4%). The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.

What we hold, and what an empty row means

Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.

DataHeldSourceWhat it covers — or what empty means
Fuel economy & configurations2 configurationsEPA certification recordsEvery configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures.
Emission certificates2 configurationsEPA emission certificatesSmog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new.
Recalls4NHTSA recall campaignsA complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags.
Owner complaints88NHTSA complaint databaseAlso complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold.
Crash ratings2 testedNHTSA NCAPOnly the configurations NHTSA chose to crash-test, which is never all of them.
Service bulletins987NHTSA manufacturer communicationsEverything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall.
InvestigationsnoneNHTSA Office of Defects InvestigationNo defect investigation has been opened.
Driver-assist crash reportsnoneNHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01No report has been filed. Only entities named in the order report, and only crashes they hear of — so this is also what an unequipped car, or a manufacturer without telematics, looks like.
Specifications filed with NHTSA8 fieldsNHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patternsWhat the manufacturer filed under the federal VIN rule — a configuration, not the full trim ladder.
Measured dimensions7 fieldsTransport Canada, Canadian Vehicle SpecificationsLength, width, height, wheelbase, track and curb weight, measured on the North American versions.
Trims, pricing & equipmentnoneManufacturer press kitWe have not transcribed a press kit for this model year yet. This is our gap, not the manufacturer's — the one row here where an empty cell means we are behind.

Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.

Sources & method

Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.

EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly.

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