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2017 Toyota Prius

Hybrid

Midsize Cars
2 EPA-rated configurations
Data refreshed 2026-10-26

Safety Signal

76 / 100 from the NHTSA recall record

Recalls1 critical 3

Complaints12 crash · 2 fire · 7 injured reported 91

Crash ratingNHTSA overall 5★

Fuel economybest combined, EPA 56 mpg

2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016

The 2017 Toyota Prius is sold in the U.S. as a hybrid midsize hatchback with 2 EPA-rated configurations. The most efficient version, the Prius Eco, is EPA-rated at 56 mpg combined. NHTSA lists 3 recall campaigns for this model year, 1 rated critical, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of C. Owners have filed 91 complaints, most often about the visibility/wiper. NHTSA crash-tested it at 5 stars overall.

Toyota Prius — photograph via Wikimedia Commons — Toyota Prius · Photo: TTTNIS · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Specs & fuel economy

Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov

Configuration	Powertrain	Drive	Engine / motor	City	Hwy	Comb	Annual fuel*
Prius Eco	Hybrid	FWD	1.8L 4-cyl + 207V Li-Ion	58	53	56	$1,200
Prius	Hybrid	FWD	1.8L 4-cyl + 207V Li-Ion	54	50	52	$1,300

*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 38062, 38061.

Emissions & certification

Source: EPA emission certificates

Configuration	Smog rating	Emission standard	Where it can be sold new	SmartWay
Prius, Prius Eco	8–9 / 10	Federal Tier 3 Bin 30 / California LEV-III SULEV30/PZEV	All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards	SmartWay Elite

Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.

The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.

Specifications filed with NHTSA

Source: NHTSA vPIC

Dimensions Exterior

Body style	Sedan/Saloon
Doors	5
GVWR class	Class 1: 6,000 lb or less (2,722 kg or less)

Engine Basics

Cylinders	4
Displacement	1.8 L
Engine configuration	In-Line

Engine Output

Horsepower

96 hp

Fuel Economy

Fuel	Electric

Seating

Seat rows	2
Seating capacity	4 seats

Transmission

Drivetrain	4x2
Transmission	Electronic Continuously Variable (e-CVT)

Driver assistance

Standard: Adaptive cruise control, Anti-lock brakes, Automatic emergency braking, Backup camera, Electronic stability control, Forward collision warning, Lane departure warning, Lane keeping assist, Parking assist, Pedestrian automatic emergency braking

Filed by the manufacturer with NHTSA under the federal vehicle-identification rule and decoded from the VIN pattern — not a manufacturer press kit, so it describes the configurations we could identify rather than every trim (seen: One/Two, Three/Four/Four Adv, Two Eco/Three/Three Touring/Four/Four Touring). Figures for the trim you are looking at may differ.

Dimensions & weight

Source: Transport Canada

Length	178.7 in
Width (body, without mirrors)	69.3 in
Height	57.9 in
Wheelbase	106.3 in
Track, front	60.2 in
Track, rear	60.2 in
Curb weight	3,064 lb
Weight distribution, front/rear	60/40

Measured by Transport Canada for its Canadian Vehicle Specifications database, which covers the North American versions of each model — here one configuration: 5-door Liftback. Where a range is shown, those versions differ. Width is the body without mirrors, which is why it can read narrower than a brochure figure. Before we used it we checked it against the US manufacturer press kits we hold (27 Sep 2026): wheelbase agreed within 1% on every vehicle we could compare, length on 98%, and the curb weight fell inside the manufacturer's range on 96%. Source dataset. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada. Licence.

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Recalls (3)

Source: NHTSA recall database

!critical

Electrical System

J0T

192,347 vehicles 90% reported repaired built Jun 22, 2015 – May 15, 2018

Problem Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2016-2018 Toyota Prius vehicles. A portion of the engine wire harness connected to the hybrid Power Control Unit (PCU), could contact the cover at this connection and wear, causing an electrical short circuit. Risk An electrical short can increase the risk of a fire. Fix Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the engine wire harness assembly and replace it if damage is found. A protective sleeve or protective tape will be included to prevent any future damage. These repairs will be performed free of charge. The recall began October 30, 2018. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-888-270-9371. Toyota's number for this recall is J0T.

Filed with NHTSAOwner letter PDF Remedy instructions PDF

NHTSA campaign 18V579000 reported Sep 5, 2018 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing the full filing, and every vehicle covered →

○minor

Tires

17R2

409 vehicles 58% reported repaired built Mar 21, 2017 – Mar 30, 2017

Problem Gulf States Toyota, Inc. (Gulf States) is recalling certain 2017 4Runner , 86, Avalon, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Corolla, Corolla iM, Highlander, Highlander Hybrid, Prius, Prius C, RAV4, RAV4 Hybrid, Sienna and Yaris vehicles. The spare tire air pressure was not adjusted to the proper pressure as stated on the Tire Pressure Label. Risk A spare tire that is not inflated to the proper value may not perform as intended, increasing the risk of a crash. Fix Gulf States will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the spare tires, adjusting their pressure as necessary, free of charge. The recall began June 15, 2017. Owners may contact Gulf States customer service at 1-800-444-1074. Toyota's number for this recall is 17R2.

Filed with NHTSAOwner letter PDF

NHTSA campaign 17V295000 reported May 2, 2017 Gulf States Toyota, Inc. the full filing, and every vehicle covered →

▲high

Parking Brake

G01

91,585 vehicles 92% reported repaired built Aug 6, 2015 – Oct 3, 2016

Problem Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain model year 2016-2017 Prius vehicles manufactured August 6, 2015, to October 3, 2016. The affected vehicles are equipped with a foot-operated parking brake system that has a parking brake cable that may disengage. Risk If the parking brake cable disengages from the mechanism and the transmission is left in a gear other than 'Park' while the ignition is on and the driver leaves the vehicle, the vehicle may roll unexpectedly, increasing the risk of a crash. Fix Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will install a clip at the parking brake cable end to prevent the cable from disengaging, free of charge. The recall began November 10, 2016. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-888-270-9371. Toyota's number for this recall is G01.

Filed with NHTSAOwner letter PDF

NHTSA campaign 16V741000 reported Oct 14, 2016 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing the full filing, and every vehicle covered →

These are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.

NHTSA defect investigations

Electrical System:Propulsion System — Pedestrian alert sounds closed

NHTSA received a petition on or about July 18, 2022, requesting that Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 141 be applied to all electric and hybrid vehicles operating in the United States. The petition can be reviewed at NHTSA.gov under ODI Number 11486072. FMVSS 141 establishes performance requirements for pedestrian alert sounds for motor vehicles. The standard applies to hybrid and electric vehicles that have a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 KG or less or are defined as low-speed vehicles. The standard became fully applicable to all such vehicles manufactured on or after March 1, 2021. On January 27, 2023, NHTSA opened Defect Petition (DP) 22-005 to evaluate the subject mat

Opened Jan 27, 2023 · closed Aug 7, 2023 · action DP22005 · the investigation’s page →

Whether any of this applies to one specific Prius

A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2017 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. Toyota publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.

NHTSA VIN check →Toyota’s own VIN lookup →

Hear about a recall before the letter does

The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2017 Toyota Prius, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.

Owner complaints

Source: NHTSA complaint database

91complaints filed

12 involved a crash · 2 a fire · 7 injuries · 0 deaths reported

12 per 10,000 built · Toyota reported 74,106 Prius built (its Early Warning production report to NHTSA)

Filed per year: 2017: 22 · 2018: 23 · 2019: 19 · 2020: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 1

Most-cited components

Visibility/Wiper 17

Service Brakes 14

Engine 14

Vehicle Speed Control 13

Fuel/Propulsion System 12

Electrical System 11

In owners' own words

Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.

2017 Toyota Prius two. Consumer writes in regards to swaying and wobbling while vehicle is in motion

Suspension at 431 miles Apr 5, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11074773

The contact owns a 2017 Toyota Prius. While driving approximately 65 MPH, the brake pedal was depressed and the vehicle spun out of control. The brake warning indicator illuminated. The failure recurred twice. The vehicle was taken to Toyota of poway (13631 poway rd, poway, ca 92064), but was not diagnosed or repaired.

Service Brakes at 7,000 miles Feb 9, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11071984

Friday january 12, 2018, drove vehicle 3.5 hours on highway during period of declining temperatures- 34 to 29 fahrenheit, with snow beginning hour 2.5. Operated front defrost continuously for entire 3.5 hour trip with cabin temp between 72 and 75f. Made 2 stops, 10 minutes each- one at 1.5 hours and one at 3 hours.

Visibility/Wiper at 21,000 miles Jan 30, 2018 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11065908

While driving on interstate highway in heavy traffic using cruise control my car suddenly accelerated quickly. Weather was alight rain. It was like the radar for the cruise control shut off or stopped being processed

Vehicle Speed Control at 18,000 miles Dec 28, 2017 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11057015

Defect in molding around window frames that allow air to pass with windows rolled up

Structure Nov 19, 2017 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11047256

The contact owns a 2017 Toyota Prius. While the vehicle was parked, it rolled without warning. The contact was able to catch up with the vehicle before it struck a police vehicle. The officer gave the contact a warning. In addition, the vehicle accelerated on its own intermittently.

Power Train at 15,000 miles Sep 25, 2017 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11025256

Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.

Reported by Toyota itself: 52 death-or-injury claims on this model year in its quarterly Early Warning reports to NHTSA (49 CFR 579.21): 3 killed, 60 injured, as claimed, not verified — about 70 per 100,000 built. Every Prius model year, by year and system → Dated and by system, they are exhibit F of the defect dossier.

When owners reported it

Reported at 14k

miles, typically

Half the 66 owner reports with an odometer reading on file fall between 5,000 and 24,000 miles. That is when problems get reported, which is not the same as when they start — and not a failure rate, because nobody knows how many of these cars never had a problem at all.

under 10k 26

10k–20k 17

20k–30k 11

30k–40k 2

40k–50k 2

50k–60k 1

60k–70k 2

70k–80k 1

80k–90k 2

90k–100k 0

100k–150k 0

150k + 2

Median mileage by component

Component	Reports	Median miles	Vs same age
Visibility/Wiper	15	10,000	0.33×
Service Brakes	13	14,932	0.45×

Vs same age is this model year’s median for the system divided by the median of every 2017-model-year complaint about the same system, all makes: under 1× means owners of this car reported it at lower mileage. Here, owners reported earlier than same-age vehicles: visibility/wiper (0.33×), service brakes (0.45×). Which systems go early across the whole fleet: the component study.

Odometer readings as filed by owners with NHTSA. Readings under 100 or over 400,000 miles are dropped as data entry rather than history, and a component needs at least 12 readings before a median is shown for it.

Crash ratings

Source: NHTSA NCAP

Configuration	Overall	Frontal	Side	Rollover	Rollover risk
5 HB FWD	★★★★★	★★★★☆	★★★★★	★★★★☆	11%

NHTSA New Car Assessment Program.

Service bulletins & campaigns

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications

Communicationsfiled with NHTSA 246

Most recentmanufacturer date 2026-08-20

Kindsas classified by NHTSA 245 service bulletins, 1 service campaign

Most often about: Equipment, Electrical System, Structure, Engine, Equipment Adaptive/Mobility.

T-SB-0110-20 Rev2 Service bulletin
2026-08-20 · Engine
OBSOLETE NOTICE August 20, 2026: This bulletin is now obsolete. Please see T-SB-0051-26.
T-SB-0051-26 Service bulletin
2026-08-20 · Engine
This bulletin includes basic procedures for performing a rescue charge at battery on high voltage (HV) Ni-MH and Li-ion batteries.
T-SB-0055-24 Rev2 Service bulletin
2026-01-07 · Unknown Or Other
Some 2005 – 2026 Toyota vehicles that have undergone water intrusion may exhibit a condition in which a musty odor is present. Follow the procedures in this bulletin to remediate the odor and address this condition. The purpose of this Service Bulletin is to provide general guidelines and procedures for odor remediation. This Service Bulletin provides a guide on how to prepare and treat the interi
T-TT-0790-25 Service bulletin
2025-08-20 · Electrical System
Some customers may experience echoing on the line calling the vehicle when using Bluetooth Hands Free. This is caused by the phone Hands Free volume being too low.
T-SB-0058-23 Rev1 Service campaign
2025-06-13 · Electrical System
The air conditioning dye injection tool kit has been developed to aid in identifying the location of air conditioning refrigerant leaks. The procedures outlined in this Service Bulletin aid in locating, inspecting, and repairing refrigerant leaks.
T-SB-0110-20 Rev2 Service bulletin
2024-12-10 · Engine
This bulletin includes basic procedures for performing a rescue charge at battery on high voltage (HV) Ni-MH and Li-ion batteries. This bulletin should be used in conjunction with the applicable model and model year Repair Manual while performing the battery rescue charge. The GRX-5100 should be used wherever the Repair Manual references the Toyota Hybrid System (THS) charger.
T-SB-0039-24 Rev2 Service bulletin
2024-12-06 · Structure — Body
The condition known as acid rain is caused by airborne chemicals or particles in the atmosphere, which mix with rainwater, nighttime dew, or high humidity to form acidic compounds. If these contaminants settle and remain on a painted vehicle surface, especially the horizonal areas of the hood, roof, and decklid, significant damage can occur. This damage is the result of actual etching of the paint
T-SB-0035-24 Rev2 Service bulletin
2024-12-06 · Structure — Body
Acid rain results from rainwater or other airborne moisture that become acidic due to industrial chemical impurities in the atmosphere. If these acidic compounds settle on an exposed vehicle, especially the horizontal areas such as the hood, roof, and decklid, significant damage to the painted surfaces can occur. Acid rain damage can typically be identified on vehicles by the presence of stains on

A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.

Diagnostic trouble codes on file

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications and complaints

Codes documented against this model year in the federal record. A code appearing here does not mean this vehicle will set it — it means the code is part of this nameplate-year's documented history.

Code	What it means	Most often filed under	Where it appears
P0A80 P0A80 on Toyota →	Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.	Electrical System · Battery →	3 bulletins
P0A7F P0A7F on Toyota →	Manufacturer-defined — the meaning is set by the automaker, not the standard.	Electrical System · Battery →	2 bulletins

Generic codes (the second character is 0 or 2) mean the same thing on every vehicle sold in the United States. Manufacturer-specific codes (1 or 3) mean whatever the automaker assigned, and no honest source can define them for you — which is why the ones here carry the evidence instead of a definition. A code is a link when enough separate federal documents name it across the catalogue to be worth a page of its own; the rest are listed here, where the vehicle is the context that makes them mean something.

At the New York inspection station

Source: New York State DMV

New York inspections 1.7%

failed emissions

1,455 initial inspections of 1,410 vehicles.

Measure	The 2017 Prius	Every 2017 vehicle	Behind it
Failed the emissions check	1.7%	3.7%	1,455
Failed the safety inspection	2.1%	2.1%	1,455
Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit	0.07%	0.25%	1,455
Miles driven a year	10,720	10,048	odometer at inspection
Average odometer	99,172	93,238	odometer at inspection

New York’s emissions test on these model years is an on-board diagnostics check: it fails a car whose check-engine light is on or whose self-tests have not finished. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2017 vehicle” is every 2017 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).

Prius by model year

all years, side by side →

Year Safety Recalls Complaints

2027 A 0 0 55 mpg 2026 A 1 10 57 mpg 2025 B 2 18 57 mpg 2024 C 4 27 57 mpg 2023 C 4 21 57 mpg 2022 A 1 24 56 mpg 2021 A 0 6 56 mpg 2020 A 0 14 56 mpg 2019 B 3 30 56 mpg 2018 B 1 38 56 mpg 2017 this page C 3 91 56 mpg 2016 F 5 155 56 mpg

Common questions about the 2017 Prius

Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kits

Does the 2017 Toyota Prius have any recalls?

NHTSA has posted 3 recall campaigns for the 2017 Toyota Prius, 1 of them rated critical. The most serious on file is 18V579000, covering Electrical System. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.

How safe is the 2017 Toyota Prius?

NHTSA gave the 2017 Toyota Prius 5 stars overall in its New Car Assessment Program tests — 4-star frontal crash, 5-star side crash, 4-star rollover. WhichTrim also grades it C (76/100) on its recall record, which is a different question from crash protection.

What is the fuel economy of the 2017 Toyota Prius?

Across the 2 EPA-rated configurations of the 2017 Toyota Prius, the best EPA combined figure is 56 mpg. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.

What are the dimensions of the 2017 Toyota Prius?

Transport Canada measured it at 178.7 in long, 69.3 in wide (body, without mirrors), 57.9 in tall, on a 106.3 in wheelbase. Curb weight: 3,064 lb. Those are its measurements of the North American versions; every figure is in the table above.

What do owners complain about on the 2017 Toyota Prius?

Owners have filed 91 complaints with NHTSA about the 2017 Toyota Prius, most often about visibility/wiper, service brakes, engine. Of those, 12 involved a crash, 2 a fire, 7 reported injuries. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.

How clean is the 2017 Toyota Prius?

The EPA smog rating for the 2017 Toyota Prius runs 8 to 9 out of 10 across its configurations. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — California LEV-III SULEV30/PZEV, Federal Tier 3 Bin 30 — which the table above lists per configuration.

Are there service bulletins for the 2017 Toyota Prius?

The manufacturer has filed 246 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2017 Toyota Prius, most often covering equipment, electrical system, structure. The most recent is dated 2026-08-20. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.

How does the 2017 Toyota Prius do at state inspection?

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2017 Toyota Prius failed the emissions check on 1.7% of first inspections — lower than the 3.7% for every 2017 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 2.1% (every 2017 vehicle: 2.1%). The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.

What we hold, and what an empty row means

Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.

Data	Held	Source	What it covers — or what empty means
Fuel economy & configurations	2 configurations	EPA certification records	Every configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures.
Emission certificates	2 configurations	EPA emission certificates	Smog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new.
Recalls	3	NHTSA recall campaigns	A complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags.
Owner complaints	91	NHTSA complaint database	Also complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold.
Crash ratings	1 tested	NHTSA NCAP	Only the configurations NHTSA chose to crash-test, which is never all of them.
Service bulletins	246	NHTSA manufacturer communications	Everything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall.
Investigations	1	NHTSA Office of Defects Investigation	Open and closed defect investigations, with the agency's own narrative.
Driver-assist crash reports	none	NHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01	No report has been filed. Only entities named in the order report, and only crashes they hear of — so this is also what an unequipped car, or a manufacturer without telematics, looks like.
Specifications filed with NHTSA	12 fields	NHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patterns	What the manufacturer filed under the federal VIN rule — a configuration, not the full trim ladder.
Measured dimensions	7 fields	Transport Canada, Canadian Vehicle Specifications	Length, width, height, wheelbase, track and curb weight, measured on the North American versions.
Trims, pricing & equipment	none	Manufacturer press kit	We have not transcribed a press kit for this model year yet. This is our gap, not the manufacturer's — the one row here where an empty cell means we are behind.

Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.

Sources & method

Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.

EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly.

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