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2024 Land Rover Defender

Hybrid Gas
Standard Sport Utility Vehicle 4WD
9 EPA-rated configurations
Data refreshed 2026-10-26
D
Safety Signal
65 / 100 from the NHTSA recall record
RecallsNHTSA campaigns 7
Complaints1 fire reported 27
Crash ratingnot rated by NHTSA —
Fuel economybest combined, EPA 20 mpg
20272026202520242023202220212020

The 2024 Land Rover Defender is sold in the U.S. as a hybrid and gas large SUV with 9 EPA-rated configurations. The most efficient version, the Defender 90 MHEV, is EPA-rated at 20 mpg combined. NHTSA lists 7 recall campaigns for this model year, which gives it a Safety Signal grade of D. Owners have filed 27 complaints, most often about the electrical system.

Land Rover Defender L663 — photograph via Wikimedia Commons
Land Rover Defender L663 · Photo: Alexander-93 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Specs & fuel economy

Source: EPA fueleconomy.gov
ConfigurationPowertrainDriveEngine / motorCityHwyCombAnnual fuel*
Defender 90 MHEVHybrid4WD3.0L 6-cyl turbo + 48V Li-Ion182220$4,100
Defender 110 MHEVHybrid4WD3.0L 6-cyl turbo + 48V Li-Ion172018$4,550
Defender 130 P300 MHEVHybrid4WD3.0L 6-cyl turbo + 48V Li-Ion172018$4,550
Defender 130 P400 MHEVHybrid4WD3.0L 6-cyl turbo + 48V Li-Ion172018$4,550
Defender 130 OutboundHybrid4WD3.0L 6-cyl turbo + 48V Li-Ion161817$4,850
Defender 110Gas4WD2.0L 4-cyl turbo182019$4,350
Defender 90Gas4WD2.0L 4-cyl turbo182119$4,350
Defender 110Gas4WD5.0L 8-cyl141916$5,150
Defender 90Gas4WD5.0L 8-cyl151916$5,150

*EPA estimate at 15,000 miles/year at EPA reference fuel and electricity prices. fueleconomy.gov record ids: 47201, 47199, 47204, 47205, 47206, 47198, 47200, 47203, 47202.

Emissions & certification

Source: EPA emission certificates
ConfigurationSmog ratingEmission standardWhere it can be sold newSmartWay
Defender 130 P400 MHEV, Defender 90, Defender 90 MHEV7 / 10California LEV-III SULEV30 / Federal Tier 3 Bin 30All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards—
Defender 110, Defender 110 MHEV, Defender 130 Outbound, Defender 130 P300 MHEV7 / 10Federal Tier 3 Bin 30 / California LEV-III SULEV30All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards—
Defender 1103 / 10California LEV-III ULEV125 / Federal Tier 3 Bin 125All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards—
Defender 903 / 10Federal Tier 3 Bin 125 / California LEV-III ULEV125All 50 states (federal, all altitudes); California and states following California standards—

Certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S.

The smog rating scores tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, 1 (worst) to 10 (best), and is comparable only within a model year. The standard is the federal bin or California tier the configuration was certified to. Both come from the EPA certificate behind the window sticker.

Specifications filed with NHTSA

Source: NHTSA vPIC

Dimensions Exterior

Body styleSport Utility Vehicle [SUV]/Multipurpose Vehicle [MPV]
Doors5
GVWR classClass 2E: 6,001 - 7,000 lb (2,722 - 3,175 kg)

Engine Basics

Cylinders6
Displacement3 L
Engine configurationIn-Line

Engine Output

Horsepower395 hp

Fuel Economy

FuelGasoline

Transmission

DrivetrainAWD/All-Wheel Drive
TransmissionAutomatic
Transmission speeds8

Driver assistance

Standard: Adaptive cruise control, Anti-lock brakes, Automatic emergency braking, Backup camera, Blind-spot monitoring, Electronic stability control, Forward collision warning, Lane departure warning, Lane keeping assist, Pedestrian automatic emergency braking, Rear cross-traffic alert

Filed by the manufacturer with NHTSA under the federal vehicle-identification rule and decoded from the VIN pattern — not a manufacturer press kit, so it describes the configurations we could identify rather than every trim (seen: 110 S, 110 X, 110 X-Dynamic SE, 130 Outbound). Figures for the trim you are looking at may differ.

Dimensions & weight

Source: Transport Canada
Length170.5–200.8 in
Width (body, without mirrors)79.1 in
Height77.6 in
Wheelbase102.0–118.9 in
Track, front67.3 in
Track, rear66.9 in
Curb weight4,819–5,525 lb
Weight distribution, front/rear48/52 to 50/50

Measured by Transport Canada for its Canadian Vehicle Specifications database, which covers the North American versions of each model — here 4 configurations: 110 5 Seat 4-door SUV, 110 5+2 Seat 4-door SUV, 130 4-door SUV, 90 4-door SUV. Where a range is shown, those versions differ. Width is the body without mirrors, which is why it can read narrower than a brochure figure. Before we used it we checked it against the US manufacturer press kits we hold (27 Sep 2026): wheelbase agreed within 1% on every vehicle we could compare, length on 98%, and the curb weight fell inside the manufacturer's range on 96%. Source dataset. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada. Licence.

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Recalls (7)

Source: NHTSA recall database
▲high

Seat Belts

D130
371 vehicles built Jan 31, 2024 – Feb 2, 2024
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2024 Land Rover Defender vehicles. The second-row seat belt may be improperly stitched. Risk An improperly stitched seat belt may fail to properly restrain an occupant during a crash, increasing the risk of injury. Fix Dealers will inspect the second-row seat belt serial number, and replace the seat belt, as necessary, free of charge. Interim letters notifying owners of the safety risk are expected to be mailed November 20, 2026. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available. Owners may contact Land Rover's customer service at 800-637-6837. Land Rover's number for this recall is D130.
NHTSA campaign 26V615000 reported Sep 24, 2026 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Electrical System

E008
23,677 vehicles built Feb 4, 2020 – Jun 28, 2024
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2019-2024 Land Rover Range Rover Sport, 2020-2024 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque, Land Rover Range Rover, Land Rover Discovery Sport, Land Rover Defender, 2021-2024 Land Rover Range Rover Velar, Jaguar E-Pace, F-Pace, and Land Rover Discovery vehicles. The DC-DC converter may malfunction due to an electrical overload that can occur during high power demand. Additionally, a software error can cause the DC-DC converter to stop functioning at vehicle start-up under certain circumstances. Failure of the DC-DC converter will result in the loss of 12-Volt system charging and can lead to complete loss of drive power and exterior Risk A loss of drive power increases the risk of a crash. Fix Dealers will update the vehicle software, free of charge. Interim letters notifying owners of the safety risk are expected to be mailed November 13, 2026. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available. Owners may contact Land Rover's customer service at 800-637-6837. Land Rover's number for this recall is E008. This recall expands previous NHTSA recall number 26V248.
Filed with NHTSADefect report PDF
NHTSA campaign 26V599000 reported Sep 17, 2026 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Air Bags

D120
250,857 vehicles
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2020-2026 Land Rover Defender, 2021-2026 Discovery, and 2022-2026 Range Rover vehicles. The driver’s air bag clockspring connector may corrode, which can cause the air bag not to deploy as intended. Risk An air bag that does not deploy as intended increases the risk of injury in a crash. Fix Dealers will apply a protective lubricant gel to the driver’s air bag connector terminals, free of charge. Owner letters were mailed August 3, 2026. Owners may contact Land Rover's customer service at 800-637-6837. Land Rover's number for this recall is D120.
NHTSA campaign 26V389000 reported Jun 12, 2026 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Electrical System

D126 H575
170,169 vehicles
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2021-2024 Land Rover Range Rover Velar and Land Rover Discovery, 2020-2023 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque, 2019-2024 Land Rover Range Rover Sport, 2020-2024 Land Rover Range Rover, 2020 Land Rover Discovery Sport, 2020-2024 Land Rover Defender, 2021-2024 Jaguar F-Pace, and 2021-2022 Jaguar E-Pace mild-hybrid electric vehicles (MHEVs). Insufficient electrical load balancing during times of high demand can lead to a current overload condition and malfunction of the DCDC converter. A failure of the DC-DC converter will result in a loss of 12-Volt system charging and can lead to complete loss of drive power and exterior light Risk A loss of drive power increases the risk of a crash. Fix Dealers will update the central software, free of charge. Interim letters notifying owners of the safety risk were mailed June 17, 2026. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available. Owners may contact Land Rover's customer service at 800-637-6837. Land Rover's numbers for this recall are D126 and H575.
NHTSA campaign 26V248000 reported Apr 17, 2026 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
●moderate

Back Over Prevention

N972
28,370 vehicles 86% reported repaired built Dec 15, 2022 – Jun 28, 2024
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2023 Discovery Sport, 2023-2024 Defender, and 2023 Range Rover Evoque vehicles. The touchscreen in the center console may go blank at vehicle startup, resulting in the rearview camera image not displaying as intended. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 111, "Rear Visibility." Risk A rearview camera that does not display an image can reduce the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash. Fix Dealers will update the touchscreen software, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 3, 2025. Owners may contact Land Rover's customer service at 1-800-637-6837. Land Rover's number for this recall is N972.
NHTSA campaign 25V016000 reported Jan 16, 2025 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
●moderate

Back Over Prevention

N927
180 vehicles 93% reported repaired built Sep 8, 2023 – Sep 11, 2023
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2024 Defender, Discovery Sport, Range Rover, Range Rover Evoque, Range Rover Velar, and Range Rover Sport vehicles. The Near Field Sensing Module (NFSM) may overheat and cause the 3D surround camera images, including the rearview camera image, not to display. Risk A rearview camera image that does not display can decrease the driver's visibility, increasing the risk of injury or crash. Fix Dealers will replace the NFSM, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed October 24, 2024. Owners may contact Land Rover customer service at 1-800-637-6837. Land Rover's number for this recall is N927.
NHTSA campaign 24V678000 reported Sep 12, 2024 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →
▲high

Engine And Engine Cooling

N908
2,013 vehicles 98% reported repaired built Nov 30, 2023 – Feb 26, 2024
Problem Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC (Land Rover) is recalling certain 2023-2024 Defender, 2024 Discovery, Range Rover, Range Rover Sport, and Range Rover Velar vehicles. The oil filter housing can crack and leak oil into the engine compartment. Risk An oil leak in the presence of an ignition source such as hot engine or exhaust components, can increase the risk of a fire. Fix Dealers will replace the filter housing, oil filter, and o-rings, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 27, 2024. Owners may contact Land Rover customer service at 1-800-637-6837. Land Rover's number for this recall is N908.
NHTSA campaign 24V450000 reported Jun 17, 2024 Jaguar Land Rover North America, LLC the full filing, and every vehicle covered →

These are vehicle campaigns — the ones the automaker filed against this model. NHTSA also records equipment recalls, filed by a parts maker against a component (a tyre, a child seat, an aftermarket part), and those are not listed here or counted above. nhtsa.gov/recalls shows both for a VIN.

NHTSA defect investigations

Seat Belts:Rear/Other:Webbing:Stitching — Rear Seat Belt Stitching Failure and Detachment open

The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) has received 1 complaint stating that a rear row seat belt became detached in a model year (MY) 2024 Land Rover Defender. Photos of the seat belt received with the complaint show that the stitching of the webbing of the seat belt appears to have not been properly formed. An improperly stitched seat belt can become detached during a collision. Detachment of the seat belt increases the risk and severity of injury in a collision. This is especially concerning for children and children in child seats. ODI is opening this Preliminary Evaluation (PE) to determine the scope and severity of the potential problem and to fully assess the potential safety-relat

Opened Dec 11, 2025 · action PE25019 · the investigation’s page →

Whether any of this applies to one specific Defender

A campaign covers a build range, not a model year, so two identical-looking cars from 2024 can differ. Both of these check a VIN against the manufacturer’s own list, free, in about ten seconds. Land Rover publishes its own lookup because federal rule 49 CFR 573.15 requires it to, and to keep it current to within seven days.

Hear about a recall before the letter does

The manufacturer’s letter is the last step of a recall: it has up to 60 days after filing to mail owners, at the address on the registration. We email you the day NHTSA posts a recall on the 2024 Land Rover Defender, with what to do next. Nothing else, ever — no newsletter, no marketing, one-click unsubscribe in every message.

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Owner complaints

Source: NHTSA complaint database
27complaints filed

0 involved a crash · 1 a fire · 0 injuries · 0 deaths reported

9.1 per 10,000 built · Land Rover reported 29,691 Defender built (its Early Warning production report to NHTSA)

Filed per year: 2023: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2026: 16

Most-cited components

Electrical System 16
Steering 5
Back Over Prevention 5
Engine 5
Unspecified 3
Forward Collision Avoidance 2

In owners' own words

Filed with NHTSA by the people who own these cars, one per problem area. Quoted as written, with anything identifying removed.

The contact owns a 2024 Land Rover Defender. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 26V248000 (Electrical System). The local dealer was contacted and confirmed that parts were on backorder. The vehicle was not diagnosed or repaired. The manufacturer was not contacted. The contact had not experienced a failure
Electrical System Aug 25, 2026 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11759455
On August 14, 2026, at approximately 12:15 p.m., I arrived at Land Rover Mission Viejo for a scheduled appointment to complete Safety Recall D120, Driver's Airbag Potential Non-Deployment. No service attendant greeted or checked me in.
Air Bags Aug 14, 2026 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11757007
Vehicle: 2024 Land Rover Defender, VIN Related recall: NHTSA campaign 26V248 (JLR internal D126 / H575) This complaint concerns the unavailability of a remedy for a defect that can cause complete loss of drive power while the vehicle is in motion.
Engine Aug 11, 2026 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11756154
The contact owns a 2024 Land Rover Defender. The contact stated that while driving at an undisclosed speed, the transmission unexpectedly shifted into neutral(N), with several unknown warning lights illuminated. The vehicle lost motive power.
Power Train at 32,000 miles Jul 31, 2026 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11753957
The contact owns a 2024 Land Rover Defender. The contact stated that upon starting the vehicle, the display screen was dark. There were no warning lights illuminated. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 25V016000 (Back Over Prevention, Equipment); however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available.
Back Over Prevention at 4,500 miles Mar 18, 2025 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11648963
This morning I got into my Defender, started it, and the power steering was clearly not working at all. The steering wheel was not locked. With very significant effort I could turn the wheel. After searching online I found that this is apparently a widespread problem with Land Rover Defenders since about 2021.
Steering Dec 26, 2023 NHTSA owner report · ODI 11561955

Complaint counts are raw owner reports to NHTSA, not verified defects, and scale with how many were sold. Use them to spot patterns, not to rank.

Crash ratings

Source: NHTSA NCAP

NHTSA has not published 5-Star crash ratings for this model year.

Service bulletins & campaigns

Source: NHTSA manufacturer communications
Communicationsfiled with NHTSA 235
Most recentmanufacturer date 2026-09-25
Kindsas classified by NHTSA 173 others, 59 service bulletins, 2 over-the-air updates

Most often about: Unknown Or Other, Engine, Electrical System, Power Train, Equipment.

  • 2026-09-25 · Structure — Body
  • Accessory Wheel Arch Protection - Gaps Present Between Protection And Vehicle Body
  • 11038337 Other
    2026-09-18 · Engine
  • Turbocharger Coolant Feed / Return Leak
  • 2026-08-21 · Seat Belts
  • Quality defect may be present on the Stitching of the Rear Seatbelt Assembly.
  • 2026-08-21 · Engine
  • Turbocharger Coolant Feed / Return Leak
  • 2026-08-21 · Unknown Or Other
  • TCU Activation Failure And InControl App Inoperative After Software Update
  • 2026-08-21 · Unknown Or Other
  • Air Conditioning Inoperative / Intermittent Operation
  • 2026-08-21 · Seat Belts
  • Seat belt stitching concern
  • 2026-07-22 · Unknown Or Other
  • Intermittent Passive Entry Operation 24MY Or With New Service Smart Key Fob.

A service bulletin is the manufacturer telling its dealers how to diagnose or repair a known condition. It is not a recall, not a finding that the vehicle is defective, and the work is not automatically free — though a bulletin is often what a dealer works from when you describe a symptom, so quoting the document number can save a diagnosis. The count is every communication filed; the list shows the most recent, one entry per campaign, because a single campaign is usually filed as several documents on the same day. The summaries are NHTSA's; the full documents come from the manufacturer.

At the New York inspection station

Source: New York State DMV

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2024 Land Rover Defender failed the emissions check on 5.1% of first inspections — higher than the 1.5% for every 2024 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 0.49% (every 2024 vehicle: 0.74%).

New York inspections 5.1%

failed emissions

1,637 initial inspections of 1,603 vehicles.

MeasureThe 2024 DefenderEvery 2024 vehicleBehind it
Failed the emissions check5.1%1.5%1,292
Failed the safety inspection0.49%0.74%1,637
Air-bag warning lamp stayed lit0%0.17%1,637
Miles driven a year9,5249,424odometer at inspection
Average odometer21,16221,104odometer at inspection

New York’s emissions test on these model years is an on-board diagnostics check: it fails a car whose check-engine light is on or whose self-tests have not finished. First inspections only, so a car that failed and came back is counted once; private and special plates, not taxis, livery or commercial plates. A rate appears only where at least 200 inspections stand behind it. “Every 2024 vehicle” is every 2024 model-year car, SUV and pickup inspected in the same window, all makes. This is the state’s record of test results, not a reliability score by itself. Source: New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Vehicle Inspections (data.ny.gov, Open NY terms).

Common questions about the 2024 Defender

Source: EPA, NHTSA and manufacturer press kits

Does the 2024 Land Rover Defender have any recalls?

NHTSA has posted 7 recall campaigns for the 2024 Land Rover Defender. The most serious on file is 26V615000, covering Seat Belts. 3 of them were filed with no repair available at the time — NHTSA's file records what the manufacturer had in hand on the filing date, not what exists today. Check your own VIN at nhtsa.gov/recalls; a recall applies to specific build ranges, not every car.

How safe is the 2024 Land Rover Defender?

NHTSA has not published a crash-test rating for the 2024 Land Rover Defender yet. On the recall record WhichTrim grades it D (65/100), which measures open and severe recalls rather than crash protection.

What is the fuel economy of the 2024 Land Rover Defender?

Across the 9 EPA-rated configurations of the 2024 Land Rover Defender, the best EPA combined figure is 20 mpg. Figures are the EPA's own, per configuration, and every one is listed above.

What are the dimensions of the 2024 Land Rover Defender?

Transport Canada measured it at 170.5–200.8 in long, 79.1 in wide (body, without mirrors), 77.6 in tall, on a 102.0–118.9 in wheelbase. Curb weight: 4,819–5,525 lb depending on configuration. Those are its measurements of the North American versions; every figure is in the table above.

What do owners complain about on the 2024 Land Rover Defender?

Owners have filed 27 complaints with NHTSA about the 2024 Land Rover Defender, most often about electrical system, steering, back over prevention. Of those, 1 a fire. Complaints are unverified owner reports, so treat the pattern as a signal and the individual report as an anecdote.

How clean is the 2024 Land Rover Defender?

The EPA smog rating for the 2024 Land Rover Defender runs 3 to 7 out of 10 across its configurations. That score covers tailpipe pollutants other than greenhouse gases, and it only compares vehicles within the same model year. It is certified for all fifty states, so it can be registered new anywhere in the U.S. Its configurations were certified to different standards — California LEV-III SULEV30, California LEV-III ULEV125, Federal Tier 3 Bin 125, Federal Tier 3 Bin 30 — which the table above lists per configuration.

Are there service bulletins for the 2024 Land Rover Defender?

The manufacturer has filed 235 service bulletins and related communications with NHTSA for the 2024 Land Rover Defender, most often covering unknown or other, engine, electrical system. The most recent is dated 2026-09-25. A bulletin is not a recall: it is the repair procedure a manufacturer sends its dealers for a condition it knows about, and the work is not automatically paid for. It is still worth knowing — if the symptom matches, quoting the bulletin number at the service desk can save a diagnosis. The document numbers and summaries are listed above.

How does the 2024 Land Rover Defender do at state inspection?

In New York’s inspection lanes over the 12 months to Oct 10, 2026, the 2024 Land Rover Defender failed the emissions check on 5.1% of first inspections — higher than the 1.5% for every 2024 model-year vehicle inspected; and the safety inspection on 0.49% (every 2024 vehicle: 0.74%). The figures are New York State DMV’s own inspection records, first inspections only, and the table above sets each one against every vehicle of the same model year.

What we hold, and what an empty row means

Paid vehicle-history reports will not tell you the difference between “nothing happened to this car” and “we never received that record” — both of the big two say as much in their own help pages. Most of what is on this page comes from complete federal registers, so we can tell you which is which, row by row.

DataHeldSourceWhat it covers — or what empty means
Fuel economy & configurations9 configurationsEPA certification recordsEvery configuration the EPA certified for sale, with its own test figures.
Emission certificates9 configurationsEPA emission certificatesSmog rating, standard and the sales area that decides where the car can be sold new.
Recalls7NHTSA recall campaignsA complete federal register: every campaign covering this model year, with severity and advisory flags.
Owner complaints27NHTSA complaint databaseAlso complete, but unverified: these are reports owners filed, not findings. Counts scale with how many were sold.
Crash ratingsnoneNHTSA NCAPNHTSA has not tested this model year. Cars are selected for testing, so untested is not unsafe.
Service bulletins235NHTSA manufacturer communicationsEverything the manufacturer told its dealers about a defect or malfunction, short of a recall.
Investigations1NHTSA Office of Defects InvestigationOpen and closed defect investigations, with the agency's own narrative.
Driver-assist crash reportsnoneNHTSA Standing General Order 2021-01No report has been filed. Only entities named in the order report, and only crashes they hear of — so this is also what an unequipped car, or a manufacturer without telematics, looks like.
Specifications filed with NHTSA11 fieldsNHTSA vPIC, decoded from VIN patternsWhat the manufacturer filed under the federal VIN rule — a configuration, not the full trim ladder.
Measured dimensions7 fieldsTransport Canada, Canadian Vehicle SpecificationsLength, width, height, wheelbase, track and curb weight, measured on the North American versions.
Trims, pricing & equipmentnoneManufacturer press kitWe have not transcribed a press kit for this model year yet. This is our gap, not the manufacturer's — the one row here where an empty cell means we are behind.

Rebuilt nightly; this page was generated 2026-10-26. Every figure above is traceable to the source named beside it, and the JSON for this page carries the same values with their identifiers.

Sources & method

Safety Signal starts every model-year at 100 and subtracts points per open NHTSA recall campaign by severity: critical 15 (fire risk, park-outside or do-not-drive advisories), high 8 (brakes, steering, airbags, loss of drive power, structure, battery), moderate 6, minor 3 (software, labels, lighting fixed by an update). The most serious recall counts in full and each further one counts 85% of the one before, because a vehicle sold in millions is recalled more often than a rare one without being more dangerous — and because a flat subtraction bottomed the scale out, scoring a vehicle with 22 recalls within a point of one with six. A ≥ 90, B ≥ 80, C ≥ 70, D ≥ 60, otherwise F. Read it as what it counts: recall campaigns on the federal record, weighted by severity. The damping reduces the sales bias by roughly 40% but does not remove it: like our complaint counts, this is not normalized by how many were sold, so a best-seller still scores somewhat worse than an obscure model with the same real risk. NHTSA crash ratings, do-not-drive and park-outside advisories, and the crash, fire, injury and death counts in owner complaints are reported separately on every page and never blended into the letter — a vehicle can hold five stars and a poor letter at once, and where that happens we say so rather than leave you to notice. Because the scale subtracts from a clean sheet, a model year too new to have been recalled, complained about or bulletined scores full marks on an empty record; we label those grades provisional rather than present them as earned.

EPA figures come from fueleconomy.gov vehicle records. Recalls, complaints, investigations and crash ratings come from NHTSA's public flat files, refreshed nightly.

JSON for this page · API